Vocabulary List for class12

go to index of vocabulary related to each class

pali pos meaning root construction pattern cl.
bheda 1 masc breakup; dissolution; destruction (of) √bhid 2 ṃa (break, split) √bhid > bhed + *a a masc 2
dhamma 1.05 masc mental states √dhar 1 a (hold, carry, endure) √dhar + ma a masc 2
dhamma 1.03 masc teaching; discourse; doctrine √dhar 1 a (hold, carry, endure) √dhar + ma a masc 2
dhamma 1.02 masc quality; characteristic; trait; inherent quality √dhar 1 a (hold, carry, endure) √dhar + ma a masc 2
dhamma 1.01 masc nature; character √dhar 1 a (hold, carry, endure) √dhar + ma a masc 2
dhaja 1 masc flag; banner √dhaj 1 a (move, flap) √dhaj + a a masc 2
dosa 1.1 masc aversion; ill-will; hate; hatred √dus 3 ya (hate, dislike) √dus > dos + *a a masc 2
deva 1 masc deity; god √div 3 ya (shine) √div > dev + *a a masc 2
sāra 2 masc core; essence; substance; value √sar 1 a (go, flow) √sar > sār + *a a masc 2
sāvaka masc disciple; pupil; follower √su 4 ṇā (hear) √su > sāv + *aka a masc 2
dāra masc wife a masc 2
dava 1.1 masc fun; joke; play; sport; pleasure √dū 1 a (go, run) √dū > dav + *a a masc 2
danta 1.1 masc tooth a masc 2
vikappa 1.1 masc alteration (to); improvement (to); distinction (regarding) √kapp 1 a (be fit, be suitable) vi + √kapp + a a masc 2
daṇḍa 1 masc stick; truncheon; nightstick; club a masc 2
sippika 1.1 masc craftsman; artisan sippa + ika a masc 2
thera 1.2 masc elder; senior monk; monastic of ten or more years standing √ṭhā 1 a (stand) √ṭhā > thā + ira > thera a masc 2
ākāra 1.2 masc aspect; facet; detail; property; quality; attribute √kar 7 o (do, make) ā + √kar > kār + *a a masc 2
ākāsa 1.2 masc sky; air √kās 1 a (shine, be visible) ā + √kās + a a masc 2
taṇḍula 1 masc dehusked rice; (comm) grain from grass a masc 2
taca 1 masc (of a humna) skin a masc 2
ñāya masc way; means; method; system; approach √i 1 a (come, go) nī > ny > ñ + √i > ay + *a a masc 2
ācariya 1 masc teacher; religious leader √car 1 a (act, behave) ā + √car + iya a masc 2
sīha 1 masc lion a masc 2
dhamma 1.06 masc matter; thing; phenomena √dhar 1 a (hold, carry, endure) √dhar + ma a masc 2
dhamma 1.09 masc law; case; rule; legal process √dhar 1 a (hold, carry, endure) √dhar + ma a masc 2
dhamma 1.14 masc act; practice √dhar 1 a (hold, carry, endure) √dhar + ma a masc 2
vitakka 1 masc thought; reflection; pondering √takk 8 *e (think) vi + √takk + a a masc 2
patta 1.1 masc bowl; alms bowl; begging bowl √pā 1 a (drink) √pā + ta a masc 2
paṇḍita 2 masc sage; intelligent person; wise man; smart person a masc east 2
virāga 2.1 masc fading (of); disappearance (of); cessation (of); destruction (of) √raj 1 a (colour) vi + √raj > rag > rāg + *a a masc 2
paṭilābha masc obtaining (of); acquiring (of); gaining (of); personal acquisition (of) √labh 1 a (get) pati + √labh > lābh + *a a masc 2
paṭinissagga masc giving up (of); relinquishing (of); dropping (of); abandoning (of) √sajj 1 a (relinquish, let loose) pati + nī + √sajj > sagg + a a masc 2
paṭighāta 1 masc warding off; repelling; driving off; keeping at bay √ghaṭ 8 *e (strike, kill) pati + √ghaṭ > ghāṭ + *a a masc 2
pañha 2 masc question; enquiry √pañh 1 a (ask, question) √pañh + a a masc 2
pajjunna 1 masc name of a deity; god of rain; rain cloud a masc 2
paccaya 2 masc cause (for); reason (for); supporting condition (for); requirement (for) √i 1 a (come, go) pati > paty > pacc + √i > ay + *a a masc 2
abhisamaya masc complete comprehension (of); total understanding (of); completely getting (of); breakthrough (to) √i 1 a (come, go) abhi + saṃ + √i > ay + *a a masc 2
upāyāsa 1 masc affliction; difficulty; trouble; despair √yas 3 ya (strive, struggle) upa + ā + √yas > yās + *a a masc 2
ājīva masc livelihood; mode of living; way of life; way of earning a living √jīv 1 a (live) ā + √jīv + a a masc 2
saṃsāra 1 masc wandering on; moving on continuously; transmigration; passing from one state of existence to another; stream of existence; cyclic existence √sar 1 a (go, flow) saṃ + √sar > sār + *a a masc east 2
nīvaraṇa 1 masc obstacle; obstruction; barrier; hindrance √var 1 a (cover, dress, restrain) ni > nī + √var + *aṇa a masc 2
nivāsa 1.3 masc life; existence √vas 1 a (live) ni + √vas > vās + *a a masc 2
nissaya 1 masc dependency; physical support; reliance; something one depends on √si 1 a (depend on, associate with) ni + √si > say + *a a masc 2
nirodha masc ending (of); cessation (of); termination (of); finishing (of) √rudh 2 ṃa (obstruct) ni + √rudh > rodh + *a a masc 2
saṃvara 1 masc control; restraint; holding back (according to) √var 1 a (cover, dress, restrain) saṃ + √var + a a masc 2
vipāka 1 masc (of an action) result; outcome; consequence; fruit √pac 1 a (cook, mature, ripen) vi + √pac > pāk + *a a masc 2
saṃvara 2 masc control (over); restraint (of); holding back (of) √var 1 a (cover, dress, restrain) saṃ + √var + a a masc 2
nara masc man; person a masc 2
nakha 1 masc fingernail; toenail a masc 2
vinipāta masc state of suffering; purgatory; underworld √pat 1 a (fall) vi + ni + √pat > pāt + *a a masc 2
vinaya 1 masc discipline; training √nī 1 a (lead, carry) vi + √nī > nay + *a a masc 2
vibhaṅga 1 masc analysis; classification; breakdown √bhañj 1 a (break, destroy) vi + √bhañj > bhaṅg + a a masc 2
patha 2 masc range; mode; way √path 1 a (go, move) √path + a a masc 2
chanda 2 masc (vinaya) consent; agreement; approval √chand 8 *e (desire, please) √chand + a a masc 2
ānanda 2 masc name of an arahant monk; attendant of the Buddha; great disciple of the Buddha; foremost disciple in great learning, remembrance, conduct, resoluteness and service √nand 1 a (delight, enjoy) ā + √nand + a a masc 2
vanatha 2.1 masc desire; craving √van 7 o (like, desire) √van + a + tha a masc 2
uccāra masc excrement; faeces √car 1 a (move, walk) ud + √car > cār + *a a masc 2
kāya 1.2 masc group; host; company; collection; multitude; mass √ci 5 nā (gather, accumulate) √ci > ki > kay + *a a masc 2
kāya 1.1 masc body; physical body; physical process √ci 5 nā (gather, accumulate) √ci > ki > kay + *a a masc 2
kāma 3 masc sense desire (of); sensual pleasure (of) √kam 8 *e (desire) √kam > kām + *a a masc 2
kassapa 1 masc name of the 1st previous Buddha a masc 2
kassaka masc farmer; ploughman √kass 1 a (drag, draw along) √kass + aka a masc 2
sekkha masc trainee; apprentice; learner; (comm) seven stages of a noble person before arahantship √sikkh 1 a (learn, train) √sikkh > sekkh + *a a masc 2
uddesa 1 masc proposition; synopsis; statement in brief; summary; introduction √dis 1 a (point out, explain) ud + √dis > des + *a a masc 2
sekha 1 masc trainee; apprentice; learner; initiate; (comm) seven stages of a noble person before arahantship √sikkh 1 a (learn, train) √sikkh > sekh + *a a masc 2
upajjhāya masc preceptor; teacher; mentor √i 1 a (study, recite) upa + adhi > adhy > ajjh + √i > āy + *a a masc 2
seda masc sweat; perspiration √sid 3 ya (sweat, steam) √sid > sed + *a a masc 2
soka masc grief; sorrow; sadness (over) √suc 1 *a (grieve) √suc > suk > sok + *a a masc 2
ovāda 1 masc advice; instruction; encouragement; exhortation √vad 1 a (say, speak) ava + √vad > vād + *a a masc 2
sota 1.1 masc stream; river; current √su 1 a (flow) √su > so + *ta a masc 2
ogha 2 masc (of defilements) deluge; inundation; torrent a masc 2
ogha 1 masc (of water) flood; deluge; torrent a masc 2
upasama 1 masc calmness (of); tranquility (of); stillness (of); peace (of) √sam 3 ya (be calm, be tired) upa + √sam + a a masc 2
oka 1.1 masc home; abode √uc 3 ya (comfort) √uc > ok + *a a masc 2
vaccha 1.1 masc calf; yearling; young animal a masc 2
upassaya 1 masc residence; quarters; compound √si 1 a (depend on, associate with) upa + √si > say + *a a masc 2
uppāda 1.1 masc arising (of); appearance (of); coming into being (of) √pad 3 ya (go, step) ud + √pad > pād + *a a masc 2
uposatha 1 masc full moon or new moon observance day √vas 1 a (live) upa + √vas + a + tha a masc 2
kāra 1 masc deed; action; service √kar 7 o (do, make) √kar > kār + *a a masc 2
kāraka 2 masc builder √kar 7 o (do, make) √kar > kār + *aka a masc 2
kesa 1 masc (head) hair a masc 2
khattiya 2 masc man of the ruling caste; high caste man; nobleman a masc 2
ānisaṃsa 1 masc profit (in); benefit (in); advantage (of); good result (of) √saṃs 1 a (proclaim, praise) ā + ni + √saṃs + a a masc 2
cora masc thief; robber √cur 8 *e (steal) √cur > cor + *a a masc 2
sugata 2 masc Accomplished One; Fortunate One; epithet of the Buddha √gam 1 a (go) su + √gam + ta a masc 2
cāga 2 masc generosity; sharing; liberality √caj 1 a (give up, let go) √caj > cāg + *a a masc 2
cāga 1 masc giving up; relinquishing; abandoning √caj 1 a (give up, let go) √caj > cāg + *a a masc 2
vāṇija masc trader; dealer; merchant vaṇija > vāṇija + *a a masc 2
gotama 1 masc family name of the Buddha gotama + a a masc 2
gimha masc heat; warmth a masc 2
gāha 2.2 masc hiding place √gāh 1 a (dive, plunge) √gāh + a a masc 2
gāma 1 masc village; hamlet a masc 2
gabbha 3 masc room; inside room; inner chamber a masc 2
chanda 1 masc interest (in); self-interest (in); desire (for); wish (for); intention (to); impulse (for) √chand 8 *e (desire, please) √chand + a a masc 2
gandha 1 masc smell; scent; odour √ghā 3 ya (smell) √ghā + na a masc 2
āloka masc light; brightness; clarity √lok 8 *e (look) ā + √lok + a a masc 2
gaṇḍa 1 masc boil; abscess a masc 2
āsaya 2 masc home (of); dwelling (of); abode (of) √sī 1 a (lie, sleep) ā + √sī > say + *a a masc 2
āsava 1.2 masc discharge; suppuration; outflow; effluent; (comm) defilement √su 1 a (flow) ā + √su > sav + *a a masc 2
suriya 1 masc sun √sur 1 a (shine, be supreme) √sur + a + iya a masc 2
āvāsa 1 masc home (of); dwelling place (of); residence (of) √vas 1 a (live) ā + √vas > vās + *a a masc 2
āhāra 1 masc food (for); fuel (for); sustenance (for); nutriment (for); (comm) condition √har 1 a (take, seize) ā + √har > hār + *a a masc 2
vasa 1.2 masc control (over); authority (over); power (over); mastery (over) √vas 1 a (want, control) √vas + a a masc 2
khaya masc wearing away (of); exhaustion (of); erosion (of); depletion (of); destruction (of) √khī 1 a (exhaust, destroy) √khī > khay + *a a masc 2
khandha 3 masc aggregate; combination; conglomeration; bundle √khandh 8 *e (collect, accumulate) √khandh + a a masc 2
khandha 1 masc mass; heap; pile; volume; aggregation √khandh 8 *e (collect, accumulate) √khandh + a a masc 2
ārāma 3 masc park; parkland; nature reserve √ram 1 a (delight, please) ā + √ram > rām + *a a masc 2
apāya 1 masc state of loss; state of misery √i 1 a (come, go) apa + √i > ay + *a a masc 2
paccaya 1 masc support; requisite; necessity √i 1 a (come, go) pati > paty > pacc + √i > ay + *a a masc 2
balibaddha masc ox; bull a masc 2
magga 2 masc way; means; method √magg 8 *e (seek, search) √magg + a a masc 2
magga 1 masc road; path; track; way √magg 8 *e (seek, search) √magg + a a masc 2
makkaṭa masc monkey; ape a masc 2
bhoga 1.1 masc wealth; possessions; property; riches √bhuj 2 ṃa (use, eat, enjoy) √bhuj > bhoj > bhog + *a a masc 2
bheda 3 masc schism; split; breakup; disunion √bhid 2 ṃa (break, split) √bhid > bhed + *a a masc 2
bheda 2 masc death √bhid 2 ṃa (break, split) √bhid > bhed + *a a masc 2
bhava 3 masc state of existence; form of becoming √bhū 1 a (be, become) √bhū > bhav + *a a masc 2
bhava 2 masc being; becoming; existence √bhū 1 a (be, become) √bhū > bhav + *a a masc 2
attha 1.1 masc meaning; sense; significance √ar 1 a (move, attain) √ar + tha a masc 2
attha 2.1 masc need (for); want (for) √atth 8 *aya (wish for) √atth + a a masc 2
brāhmaṇa 3 masc monk; sage; holy man √brah 1 a (increase) √brah > brāh + ma + *aṇa a masc 2
brāhmaṇa 1 masc Brahman; priest; man of the Brahman caste √brah 1 a (increase) √brah > brāh + ma + *aṇa a masc 2
mada 1 masc excess; pleasure; indulgence √mad 3 ya (be mad, be intoxicated) √mad + a a masc 2
byāpāda masc dislike; ill-will; hatred; hostility; enmity; malevolence (towards) √pad 3 ya (go, step) vi > vy > by + ā + √pad > pād + *a a masc 2
bāla 2 masc fool; idiot; immature person a masc east 2
samaṇa 1 masc ascetic; renunciant; holy man; monk; recluse √sam 3 ya (exert, strive) √sam + aṇa a masc 2
papañca masc various opinions; proliferation; endless conceptualization √pañc 8 *e (expand, spread) pa + √pañc + a a masc 2
hattha 1 masc hand a masc 2
balibadda masc ox; bull a masc 2
samatikkama masc surpassing (of); overcoming (of); going beyond; transcendence √kam 1 a (go) saṃ + ati + √kam + a a masc 2
phassa 1 masc sense contact; sense impingement; sense impression; sense experience √phus 1 a (touch) √phus > phass + a a masc 2
pessaka 1 masc messenger √pis 8 ya (send) √pis > pes + *ya + ka a masc 2
samatha 1.1 masc stilling (of); serenity (of); calming (of); settling (of); peace (of); (comm) mental unification √sam 3 ya (be calm, be tired) √sam + a + tha a masc 2
purisa 1 masc man; male; person a masc 2
putta 1 masc son; child a masc 2
puggala masc person; individual a masc 2
hāraka 1 masc carrier; bearer √har 1 a (carry) √har > hār + *aka a masc 2
samaya 1.1 masc time; occasion √i 1 a (come, go) saṃ + √i > ay + *a a masc 2
manussa masc human being; man; person manu + ssa a masc 2
māna 1.1 masc pride; conceit; egotism; superiority; comparing oneself √man 3 ya (think) √man > mān + *a a masc 2
saṅgha 1 masc community; fellowship; monastic order √ghaṭ 1 a (join together) saṃ + √ghaṭ + a a masc 2
saṅgaha 1 masc support (of); maintenance (of); looking after √gah 6 ṇhā (grasp) saṃ + √gah + a a masc 2
saṅkhāra 3 masc mental formation; mental activity; thought processes; fourth of the five aggregates √kar 7 o (do, make) saṃ + √kar > khār + *a a masc 2
saṅkhāra 1 masc intention; volitional formation; choice; karmic activity √kar 7 o (do, make) saṃ + √kar > khār + *a a masc 2
ābādha 2 masc affliction; oppression; suffering √bādh 1 a (press, oppress) ā + √bādh + a a masc 2
akkosa masc verbal abuse; insult; name calling √kus 1 *a (call, insult) ā + √kus > kos + *a a masc 2
parivaṭṭa 2 masc round; revolution; repetition; cycle √vaṭṭ 1 a (turn) pari + √vaṭṭ + a a masc 2
sakka 3 masc Sakyan; man of the Sakyan race √sak 4 ṇo (be able, be powerful) √sak + ya a masc 2
sakuṇa masc bird a masc 2
loma 1 masc body hair a masc 2
loka 2 masc world; plane of existence √lok 8 *e (look) √lok + a a masc 2
loka 1 masc world; universe; cosmos √lok 8 *e (look) √lok + a a masc 2
māṇava 1 masc young man; young gentleman; young Brahman manu > māṇav + *a a masc 2
adhigama 2 masc attainment; achievement; realization (of) √gam 1 a (go) adhi + √gam + a a masc 2
rāhula masc name of an arahant monk; Buddha's son a masc 2
accaya 3 masc fault; offence; transgression √i 1 a (come, go) ati > aty > acc + √i > ay + *a a masc 2
rāga 1.1 masc desire; passion; lust; greed (for); infatuation (with) √raj 3 ya (desire) √raj > rag > rāg + *a a masc 2
rasa 1 masc taste; flavour √ras 1 a (taste) √ras + a a masc 2
satta 2.1 masc being; living being; creature √as 1 a (be) sa + tta a masc 2
yāma 1 masc watch (of the night); one eighth of the day; about three hours √yam 1 a (control, strive, end) √yam > yām + *a a masc 2
yamaka 2 masc name of a monk √yam 1 a (support, stretch) √yam + a + ka a masc 2
moha 1 masc illusion; delusion; misapprehension √muh 3 ya (be deluded, be confused) √muh > moh + *a a masc 2
moggallāna 1 masc name of a monk; chief disciple; great disciple of the Buddha; foremost disciple in psychic power muggala > moggala + *yāna a masc 2
mugga masc mung beans √mud 1 a (be soft, be happy) √mud > mug + ga a masc 2
māsa 2.1 masc bean a masc 2
māra masc death; Death; death personified √mar 1 a (die) √mar > mār + *a a masc 2
rukkha 1 masc tree a masc 2
pāda 1 masc foot √pad 3 ya (go, step) √pad > pād + *a a masc 2
upāsaka masc lay disciple; lay devotee √ās 1 a (sit) upa + √ās + aka a masc 2
pāṇa 3 masc being; living being √an 1 a (breathe, blow) pa + √an + a a masc 2
parideva masc lamentation; wailing; crying √dev 1 a (lament) pari + √dev + a a masc 2
pātimokkha 2 masc (vinaya) precepts for Buddhist monastics √mokkh 1 a (be freed) pa + ati + √mokkh + a a masc 2
pariṇāyaka 2 masc leader; who shows the way √nī 1 a (lead, carry) pari + √nī > ṇāy + *aka a masc 2
paripāka 1 masc decay; deterioration √pac 1 a (cook, mature, ripen) pari + √pac > pāc > pāk + *a a masc 2
viveka 1 masc seclusion; solitude; detachment; disengagement; independence √vic 1 a (separate) vi + √vic > vec > vek + *a a masc 2
samuppāda 2 masc issue; conflict; something which arises √pad 3 ya (go, step) saṃ + ud + √pad > pād + *a a masc 2
anusaya masc underlying tendency (to); inherent inclination (to); dormant disposition (towards); propensity (to) √sī 1 a (lie, sleep) anu + √sī > say + *a a masc 2
pariṇāyaka 1 masc counsellor; adviser; strategist √nī 1 a (lead, carry) pari + √nī > ṇāy + *aka a masc 2
paribbājaka masc homeless spiritual seeker; wandering ascetic √vaj 1 a (go on) pari + √vaj > baj > bāj + *aka a masc 2
visesa 1 masc distinction; attainment; superior state; eminence √sis 8 *e (remain, distinguish) vi + √sis > ses + *a a masc 2
pariyāya 05 masc way; nature; habit; property; quality √i 1 a (come, go) pari + [y] + √i > āy + *a a masc 2
samudda masc sea; ocean √ud 2 ṃa (be wet) saṃ + √ud + ra a masc 2
samudaya 1 masc source; origination; appearance (of) √i 1 a (come, go) saṃ + ud + √i > ay + *a a masc 2
pallaṅka 2 masc cross-legged sitting position; meditation posture √añc 1 a (bend) pari > pali > paly > pall + √añc > aṅk + a a masc 2
anuvattaka 3 masc follower; partisan; who sides (with) √vatt 1 a (be, proceed) anu + √vatt + aka a masc 2
parābhava masc ruin; downfall; disgrace √bhū 1 a (be, become) parā + √bhū > bhav + *a a masc 2
sambodha masc full awakening; perfect understanding; enlightenment √budh 3 ya (know, wake up) saṃ + √budh > bodh + *a a masc 2
parikkhāra 1 masc requisite; requirement; necessity √kar 7 o (do, make) pari + √kar > khār + *a a masc 2
vūpasama 1 masc peace (of); calming (of); subsiding (of); settling (of) √sam 3 ya (be calm, be tired) vi + upa + √sam + a a masc 2
passāva masc urine √su 1 a (flow) pa + √su > sāv + *a a masc 2
pamāda 1 masc carelessness; negligence; heedlessness √mad 3 ya (be mad, be intoxicated) pa + √mad > mād + *a a masc 2
paṭiggaheti pr takes; accepts; receives √gah 6 ṇhā (grasp) pati + gahe + ti eti pr 3
rakkhati 1 pr protects; watches over; guards (something against) √rakkh 1 a (protect) rakkha + ti ati pr 3
paṭiggaṇhāti 2 pr (of an apology) accepts √gah 6 ṇhā (grasp) pati + gaṇhā + ti āti pr 3
paṭiggaṇhāti 1 pr takes; accepts; receives √gah 6 ṇhā (grasp) pati + gaṇhā + ti āti pr 3
yācati 1 pr asks; requests; begs (someone for) √yāc 1 a (beg) yāca + ti ati pr 3
ulloketi pr looks up (at); gazes up (at) √lok 8 *e (look) ud + loke + ti eti pr 3
sobhati 2 pr looks beautiful (in) √subh 1 *a (shine, adorn) sobha + ti ati pr 3
vaḍḍhati pr increases (in); grows (in); develops (in) √vaḍḍh 1 a (grow, increase) vaḍḍha + ti ati pr 3
khaṇati pr digs; digs up; uproots √khaṇ 1 a (dig) khaṇa + ti ati pr 3
uppajjati 1 pr appears; arises; occurs; takes place (for or in) √pad 3 ya (go, step) ud + pajja + ti ati pr 3
pajānāti pr knows; knows clearly; understands; distinguishes √ñā 5 nā (know) pa + jānā + ti āti pr 3
pajahati pr gives up; abandons; lets go (of); releases √hā 1 a (abandon) pa + jaha + ti ati pr 3
panūdati pr dispels; drives out; rejects; pushes away √nud 1 a (drive out, reject) pa + nūda + ti ati pr 3
parinibbāyati 1 pr (of mental defilement) is completely quenched; is entirely emancipated; is completely cooled √vā 1 a (blow, emit odour) pari + nī + vāya + ti ati pr 3
padahati 1 pr exerts oneself; strives; applies oneself; endeavours (with) √dhā 1 a (place, support) pa + daha + ti ati pr 3
paṭijānāti 4 pr makes the claim (of); claims (to be); supposes ones is √ñā 5 nā (know) pati + jānā + ti āti pr 3
paricarati 3 pr enjoys; indulges; has sex with √car 1 a (move, walk) pari + cara + ti ati pr 3
paṭivineti pr drives out; dispels; gets rid of √nī 1 a (lead, carry) pati + vi + ne + ti eti pr 3
sakkuṇāti pr is able (to) √sak 4 uṇā (be able, be powerful) sakkuṇā + ti āti pr 3
obhāsati 1.1 pr speaks coarsely (to); speaks suggestively (to); talks rudely (to); talks dirty (to) √bhās 1 a (speak) ava + bhāsa + ti ati pr 3
ovadati pr advises; instructs; admonishes √vad 1 a (say, speak) ava + vada + ti ati pr 3
paṭisevati 2 pr uses; makes use (of) √sev 1 a (serve, associate) pati + seva + ti ati pr 3
paṭisevati 1 pr practices; indulges (in); engages (in) √sev 1 a (serve, associate) pati + seva + ti ati pr 3
paṭisaṃvedeti pr personally experiences; undergoes; feels √vid 8 *e (know, sense, feel) pati + saṃ + vede + ti eti pr 3
okirati pr sprinkles; scatters down (onto) √kir 1 a (scatter, sprinkle) ava + kira + ti ati pr 3
eti 1 pr comes (to) √i 1 a (come, go) e + ti eti pr 2 3
seti 2 pr sleeps √sī 1 a (lie, sleep) se + ti eti pr 3
sakkoti pr is able (to) √sak 4 ṇo (be able, be powerful) sakko + ti oti pr 3
kampati pr shakes; trembles; wavers; is disturbed √kamp 1 a (shake, tremble) kampa + ti ati pr 3
paṭilabhati 1 pr obtains; gets; receives; personally experiences √labh 1 a (get) pati + labha + ti ati pr 3
labhati 1 pr gets; receives; obtains (something for) √labh 1 a (get) labha + ti ati pr 3
karoti 1 pr does; acts; performs √kar 7 o (do, make) karo + ti karoti pr 3
paṭibhāti pr comes to mind; occurs (to); inspires (someone to) √bhā 1 a (shine, speak) pati + bhā + ti āti pr 3
paṭipajjati 2 pr practices; follows a course of action; follows a method √pad 3 ya (go, step) pati + pajja + ti ati pr 3
khādati pr chews; devours; eats √khād 1 a (chew) khāda + ti ati pr 3
kappati pr it is suitable (for); it is proper (for); it is fitting (for); it is allowable √kapp 1 a (be fit, be suitable) kappa + ti ati pr 3
pakkhandati 1 pr takes to it; gets it; gains confidence; is inspired; is eager √khand 1 a (jump) pa + khanda + ti ati pr 3
paggaṇhāti 3 pr applies effort; strives on; goes for it; endeavours √gah 6 ṇhā (grasp) pa + gaṇhā + ti āti pr 3
jhāyati 1.2 pr meditates; contemplates √jhā 3 ya (think, meditate) jhāya + ti ati pr 3
pariharati 3 pr takes care (of); looks after; maintains √har 1 a (carry) pari + hara + ti ati pr 3
ḍeti pr flies; flies up √ḍi 1 a (fly) ḍe + ti eti pr 3
passati 1 pr sees √dis 1 a (see) passa + ti ati pr 3
bandhati 1 pr binds; ties up; imprisons; confines √bandh 1 a (bind, tie) bandha + ti ati pr 3
passati 2 pr understands; gets √dis 1 a (see) passa + ti ati pr 3
tasati 1.1 pr is afraid (of); fears √tas 1 a (tremble, fear) tasa + ti ati pr 3
tiṭṭhati 3 pr remains; persists; lasts √ṭhā 1 a (stand) tiṭṭha + ti ati pr 3
dhāreti 3 pr bears in mind; keeps in mind; remembers (something about) √dhar 8 *e (wear, hold, carry) dhāre + ti eti pr 3
jīrati pr ages; grows old; gets worn out; declines √jīr 1 a (grow old, decay) jīra + ti ati pr 3
passasati pr exhales; breathes out √sas 1 a (breath) pa + sasa + ti ati pr 3
dadāti pr gives; offers; donates; grants (something to) √dā 1 a (give) dadā + ti āti pr 3
pavaḍḍhati 1 pr increases; develops; grows √vaḍḍh 1 a (grow, increase) pa + vaḍḍha + ti ati pr 3
sikkhati 2 pr trains (in); trains (for the purpose of); practices (for the sake of); practice (to) √sikkh 1 a (learn, train) sikkha + ti ati pr 3
samanupassati 2 pr regards; considers; recognises (as); sees (as) √dis 1 a (see) saṃ + anu + passa + ti ati pr 3
pavisati pr enters; goes (into) √vis 1 a (enter) pa + visa + ti ati pr 3
pucchati pr asks; enquires; questions (somebody about) √pucch 1 a (ask, question) puccha + ti ati pr 3
samāpajjati 2 pr engages (in); practices; performs √pad 3 ya (go, step) saṃ + ā + pajja + ti ati pr 3
deti 1 pr gives (to); donates (to); offers (to); hands (to) √dā 1 a (give) de + ti eti pr 3
pāpuṇāti 1 pr reaches; arrives (at); comes (to) √ap 4 uṇā (reach, attain) pa + apuṇā + ti āti pr 3
pūjeti 1 pr reveres; honours; respects √pūj 8 *e (honour, venerate) pūje + ti eti pr 3
sameti 2.2 pr agrees (with); matches (with); fits (with); fits in (with) √i 1 a (come, go) saṃ + e + ti eti pr 3
jināti 2 pr surpasses; beats; wins (over) √ji 5 nā (conquer) jinā + ti āti pr 3
jahati 1 pr gives up; leaves; abandons; deserts √hā 1 a (abandon) jaha + ti ati pr 3
gacchati 1 pr goes; walks; moves; wanders around; travels √gam 1 a (go) gaccha + ti ati pr 3
paggaṇhāti 2 pr holds out; raises up √gah 6 ṇhā (grasp) pa + gaṇhā + ti āti pr 3
maññati 1 pr thinks; imagines; conceives; presumes; supposes √man 3 ya (think) mañña + ti ati pr 3
pakkamati 1 pr goes (from); goes away (from); leaves (from) √kam 1 a (go) pa + kama + ti ati pr 3
gaṇhati 1 pr grabs hold (of); seizes; takes √gah 6 ṇhā (grasp) gaṇha + ti ati pr 3
neti 1.1 pr leads; carries away; takes away √nī 1 a (lead, carry) ne + ti eti pr 3
paripucchati pr asks about; questions; enquires; interrogates (somebody about) √pucch 1 a (ask, question) pari + puccha + ti ati pr 3
bhuñjati 1 pr eats; consumes √bhuj 2 ṃa (use, eat, enjoy) bhuñja + ti ati pr 3
bhāsati 1.1 pr speaks (about); talks (about); says √bhās 1 a (speak) bhāsa + ti ati pr 3
jināti 1 pr conquers; overcomes; defeats √ji 5 nā (conquer) jinā + ti āti pr 3
bhavati 1 pr is; is being; becomes √bhū 1 a (be, become) bhava + ti ati pr 3
carati 1.1 pr walks; wanders; goes around; travels; fares on √car 1 a (move, walk) cara + ti ati pr 3
nisīdati pr sits (on); sits down (in) √sad 1 a (sink, sit, settle) ni + sīda + ti ati pr 3
saṃvattati pr leads (to); results (in); causes √vatt 1 a (be, proceed) saṃ + vatta + ti ati pr 3
ceteti 2 pr intends; wills (to) √cit 8 *e (think, intend) cete + ti eti pr 3
bhaṇati 1 pr speaks; says; tells √bhaṇ 1 a (talk, speak) bhaṇa + ti ati pr 3
bhajati 1.1 pr associates (with); keeps company (with) √bhaj 1 a (associate, keep company) bhaja + ti ati pr 3
nibbindati 1 pr is dis-enchanted (with); is disinterested (in); is disillusioned (by); loses interest (in); is dispassionate (towards) √vid 2 ṃa (feel, like) nī + vinda + ti ati pr 3
nikkhipati 3 pr sets aside; lays aside; keeps; saves; stores (something in) √khip 1 a (throw) ni + khipa + ti ati pr 3
nahāyati pr takes a bath; bathes; washes √nhā 3 ya (bathe) nahāya + ti ati pr 3
suṇāti 1 pr hears √su 4 ṇā (hear) suṇā + ti āti pr 3
pabbajati pr ordains as a monastic; renounces the household life √vaj 1 a (go on) pa + vaja + ti ati pr 3
jānāti 1 pr knows; understands √ñā 5 nā (know) jānā + ti āti pr 3
abhitthavati pr praises; glorifies; celebrates √thu 1 a (be familiar, praise) abhi + thava + ti ati pr 3
anuyuñjati 2 pr indulges (in); is addicted (to) √yuj 2 ṃa (yoke, join) anu + yuñja + ti ati pr 3
abhiramati pr enjoys; delights (in); takes pleasure (in) √ram 1 a (delight, please) abhi + rama + ti ati pr 3
upasaṅkamati pr approaches; goes (to); visits √kam 1 a (go) upa + saṃ + kama + ti ati pr 3
anudhāvati 1 pr runs along; sprints along √dhāv 1 a (run, flow) anu + dhāva + ti ati pr 3
ākaṅkhati pr wishes (for); wants; desires; aspires (for) √kaṅkh 1 a (wish for) ā + kaṅkha + ti ati pr 3
upapajjati 1 pr is reborn (in); re-arises (in) √pad 3 ya (go, step) upa + pajja + ti ati pr 3
abhisaṅkharoti 2 pr does; performs √kar 7 o (do, make) abhi + saṃ + kharo + ti oti pr 3
abhivaḍḍhati pr increases more and more; surpasses; outgrows √vaḍḍh 1 a (grow, increase) abhi + vaḍḍha + ti ati pr 3
upadisati pr points out; explains; shows; indicates √dis 1 a (point out, explain) upa + disa + ti ati pr 3
ādiyati 1 pr takes; grasps √ādā 3 ya (take, seize) ādiya + ti ati pr 3
ārabhati 1.1 pr begins; starts; undertakes; arouses oneself (to); makes an effort (to) √rabh 1 a (begin) ā + rabha + ti ati pr 3
vedeti 1 pr feels; experiences; senses √vid 8 *e (know, sense, feel) vede + ti eti pr 3
uddharati 2 pr removes; takes away; packs up √dhar 1 a (hold, carry, endure) ud + dhara + ti ati pr 3
icchati 1.1 pr wishes; wants; desires (to) √is 1 a (wish for) iccha + ti ati pr 3
voharati 1 pr speaks; communicates; gives expression; uses language √har 1 a (carry) vi + ava + hara + ti ati pr 3
uddisati 1 pr recites; chants √dis 1 a (point out, explain) ud + disa + ti ati pr 3
arahati 3 pr should; ought (to); is suitable (for); it is befitting (for) √arah 1 a (deserve, be worthy) araha + ti ati pr 3
adhigacchati 1 pr gets; finds; acquires; obtains √gam 1 a (go) adhi + gaccha + ti ati pr 3
vadati 1 pr says (to); speaks (to); tells (to) √vad 1 a (say, speak) vada + ti ati pr 3
harati 2 pr takes; steals; robs √har 1 a (carry) hara + ti ati pr 3
ājānāti 1 pr knows; understands; comprehends √ñā 5 nā (know) ā + jānā + ti āti pr 3
anulometi 2 pr regulates; settles; balances anu + loma + e + ti eti pr 3
vāyamati pr tries (to); makes an effort (to); strives (for); exerts oneself (to) √yam 1 a (control, strive, end) vi + ā + yama + ti ati pr 3
āmantayati 1 pr tells; informs; advises √mant 8 *aya (counsel, invite) ā + mantaya + ti ati pr 3
upavadati 1 pr blames; criticizes; finds fault (with) √vad 1 a (say, speak) upa + vada + ti ati pr 3
upasussati pr dries up; withers; shrivels √sus 3 ya (dry, wither) upa + sussa + ti ati pr 3
vattati 1 pr proceeds; continues; goes forward; practices √vatt 1 a (be, proceed) vatta + ti ati pr 3
vijānāti 1 pr comprehends; understands; recognises; distinguishes; is aware (of) √ñā 5 nā (know) vi + jānā + ti āti pr 3
upādiyati pr grasps; holds (onto); clings (to); takes possession (of) √ādā 3 ya (take, seize) upa + ādiya + ti ati pr 3
chindati 5 pr cuts across; breasts; fords √chid 2 ṃa (cut, steal) chinda + ti ati pr 3
ādeti 1 pr takes; grasps; gets; acquires √ādā 3 ya (take, seize) āde + ti eti pr 3
āpajjati 2 pr arouses; exhibits; produces; brings into being √pad 3 ya (go, step) ā + pajja + ti ati pr 3
visahati 1.1 pr is able (to) √sah 1 a (be able) vi + saha + ti ati pr 3
anuviloketi pr looks around; surveys √lok 8 *e (look) anu + vi + loke + ti eti pr 3
assasati pr inhales; breathes in √sas 1 a (breath) ā + sasa + ti ati pr 3
anussarati 1.1 pr remembers; recollects; bears in mind √sar 1 a (remember) anu + sara + ti ati pr 3
acchādeti 1.1 pr dresses; clothes; give clothes (to) √chad 8 *e (cover, conceal) ā + chāde + ti eti pr 3
viharati 1 pr lives (in); dwells (in); stays (in) √har 1 a (live) vi + hara + ti ati pr 3
āpajjati 5 pr causes; effects √pad 3 ya (go, step) ā + pajja + ti ati pr 3
abhinandi 1 aor delighted (in); was pleased (with); approved (of); was happy (with); relished √nand 1 a (delight, enjoy) abhi + √nand + i i aor 4
nidhi 1 masc treasure; trove; hoard √dhā 1 a (place, support) ni + √dhā + i i masc 4
khipi 1.1 aor threw; tossed; hurled √khip 1 a (throw) √khip + i i aor 4
kucchi 1 masc stomach; belly √kus 1 *a (fill, enfold) √kus + chi i masc 4
byākāsi 1 aor answered; replied √kar 7 o (do, make) vi > vy > by + ā + √kar > kā + si āsi aor 4
ñāti masc family; relative; kinsman √ñā 5 nā (know) √ñā + ti i masc 4
adhiṭṭhahi 1 aor fixed attention (on) √ṭhā 1 a (stand) adhi + ṭhaha + i i aor 4
abhāsi 1 aor spoke; said √bhā 1 a (shine, speak) a + √bhā + si i aor isuṃ 4
byādhi masc sickness; disease; illness √dhā 1 a (place, support) vi > vy > by + ā + √dhā + i i masc 4
gaccha 1 imp go!; begone!; away with you! √gam 1 a (go) gaccha + a ati pr 4
abhaṇi aor spoke; recited √bhaṇ 1 a (talk, speak) a + √bhaṇ + i i aor 4
suṇātu imp one must listen!; it must hear! √su 4 ṇā (hear) suṇā + tu āti pr 4
āsi 1.1 aor was √as 1 a (be) a + √as + i āsi aor irreg 4
samādhi 1 masc perfect peace of mind; stability of mind; stillness of mind; mental composure √dhā 1 a (place, support) saṃ + ā + √dhā + i i masc 4
pakkāmi 1 aor left; set off (from); went away (from) √kam 1 a (go) pa + a + √kam > kām + i i aor isuṃ 4
pahoti 2 pr is able (to); is capable (of); is qualified (to) √hū 1 a (be) pa + ho + ti hoti pr 4
sammodi aor greeted; exchanged pleasantries; had a friendly conversation (with) √mud 1 *a (be soft, be happy) saṃ + moda + i i aor 4
apucchi aor asked; enquired (somebody about) √pucch 1 a (ask, question) a + √pucch + i i aor isuṃ 4
vīhi masc rice paddy; Oryza sativa i masc 4
paccassosi aor replied (to); agreed (with); assented (to) √su 4 ṇā (hear) pati > paty > pacc + a + so + si i aor 4
atthi 1.1 pr there is; there exists √as 1 a (be) √as + ti > atthi atthi pr 4
paridevi aor mourned; lamented; wailed √dev 1 a (lament) pari + √dev + i i aor 4
gāmaṇi masc chief; chieftain; headman; leader gāma + aṇi i masc 4
āmantesi aor addressed; said (to); advised √mant 8 *e (counsel, invite) ā + mante + si esi aor 4
pucchi aor asked; enquired; questioned (somebody about) √pucch 1 a (ask, question) √pucch + i i aor 4
passa 2.1 imp see!; look (at)! √dis 1 a (see) passa + a ati pr 4
nisīdi 1 aor sat (on); sat down (in) √sad 1 a (sink, sit, settle) ni + sīda + i i aor isuṃ 4
niddisi 1 aor indicated; pointed out; designated; appointed √dis 1 a (point out, explain) nī + √dis + i i aor 4
soci aor grieved; was sad √suc 1 *a (grieve) soca + i i aor 4
ajjhabhāsi aor addressed (someone in); spoke (to someone with) √bhās 1 a (speak) adhi > adhy > ajjh + a + √bhās + i i aor 4
ajesi aor conquered; defeated √ji 1 a (conquer) a + je + si esi aor 4
añjali 1 masc palms placed together (as a token of respect) √añj 1 a (pay respect) √añj + ali i masc 4
upasaṅkami aor approached; drew near; went (to) √kam 1 a (go) upa + saṃ + √kam + i i aor 4
hoti 1 pr is; becomes √hū 1 a (be) ho + ti hoti pr 4
hotu 1 imp may it be (for)! √hū 1 a (be) ho + tu hoti pr 4
ehi imp come! √i 1 a (come, go) e + hi eti pr 2 4
brūhi imp say!; tell!; speak! √brū 1 a (say) √brū + hi brūti pr 4
hontu imp may they be!; they must be! √hū 1 a (be) ho + ntu hoti pr 4
karohi imp do!; make! √kar 7 o (do, make) karo + hi karoti pr 4
udapādi 1 aor arose (for); sprung up (for) √pad 3 ya (go, step) ud + a + √pad + i i aor 4
aggi masc fire √agg 1 a (move crookedly) √agg + i i masc 4
hotha imp may you all be!; you all must be!; I pray you all may be! √hū 1 a (be) ho + tha hoti pr 4
muni 1 masc monk; sage; seer; hermit; silent sage √mun 5 nā (think, know) √mun + i i masc 4
ahosi aor was; existed; became √hū 1 a (be) a + ho + si hosi aor 4
aṭṭhāsi 1 aor stood; stayed; remained √ṭhā 1 a (stand) a + √ṭhā + si āsi aor 4
attha 4.2 imp you (all) must be; may you (all) be √as 1 a (be) √as + tha > attha atthi pr 4
isi masc seer; sage i masc 4
agacchi aor went; travelled (to) √gam 1 a (go) a + gaccha + i i aor issaṃ 4
sāli masc fine rice i masc 4
gavesī 1 adj seeking; searching for; looking for √gaves 1 a (seek, search) √gaves + ī ī adj 5
passasissati fut will exhale; will breathe out √sas 1 a (breath) pa + sasissa + ti ati pr 5
medhāvī masc intelligent man; wise man; who has good judgment √medh 1 a (be wise) √medh + ā + vī ī masc 5
sukhī 2 masc happy one; who is at ease; who is happy; who is comfortable √sukh 1 a (please, be comfortable) √sukh + ī ī masc 5
anupassī 1 adj looking (at); observing; following; noticing; witnessing; watching √dis 1 a (see) anu + passa + ī ī adj 5
saha 1.2 ind with; together (with); accompanied (by) 5
asura 1 masc titan; anti-god; enemy of the devas √sur 1 a (shine, be supreme) na > a + √sur + a a masc 5
gāmī 2 adj going; moving; who goes √gam 1 a (go) √gam > gām + *ī ī adj 5
yasassī 1 adj famous; renowned; illustrious; celebrated yasas + sī ī adj 5
appamāda masc alertness; care; carefulness; caution; vigilance; diligence; conscientiousness; heedfulness √mad 3 ya (be mad, be intoxicated) na > a + pa + √mad > mād + *a a masc 5
tvaṃ 1 pron you (subject) tumha + aṃ > tuvaṃ > tvaṃ tvaṃ pron 5
ottappī adj afraid of wrong; conscientious √tapp 1 a (regret) ud > od + √tapp + *ī ī adj 5
ahaṃ pron I ahaṃ pron 5
yogī masc meditator; practitioner √yuj 2 ṃa (yoke, join) √yuj > yoj > yog + *ī ī masc 5
paṭisaṃvedī adj experiencing; feeling; sensitive to √vid 8 *e (know, sense, feel) pati + saṃ + √vid > ved + *ī ī adj 5
anuvattī adj following; acting according to; obedient to √vatt 1 a (be, proceed) anu + √vatt + ī ī adj 5
abyāpāda masc goodwill; kindness; friendliness; benevolence √pad 3 ya (go, step) na > a + vi > vy > by + ā + √pad > pād + *a a masc 5
virāga 1.1 masc fading of desire (for); dispassion (towards); detachment (from); indifference (to) √raj 3 ya (desire) vi + √raj > rag > rāg + *a a masc 5
kabaḷī masc lump; morsel; mouthful; lump of food kabaḷa > kabaḷī ī masc 5
assasissati fut will breathe in; will inhale √sas 1 a (breath) ā + sasissa + ti issati fut 5
dassī 2 adj who sees; who knows; who perceives; who understands √dis 1 a (see) dassa + ī ī adj 5
vihārī adj (of a state of being) living in; who has; being √har 1 a (live) vi + √har > hār + *ī ī adj 5
dhammī 1 adj righteous; religious; moral; related to the Dhamma √dhar 1 a (hold, carry, endure) √dhar + ma + ī ī adj 5
neva 1 sandhi neither; not na + eva 5
asammosa 1 masc not forgetting; non-confusion √mus 3 ya (lie, forget) na > a + saṃ + √mus > mos + *a a masc 5
anabhineti pr does not invite; does not conduct towards √nī 1 a (lead, carry) na > an + abhi + ne + ti eti pr 5
saddhiṃ ind together (with); with 5
vippaṭisārī adj remorseful; regretful; repentant; sorry √sar 1 a (remember) vi + pati + √sar > sār + *ī ī adj 5
āgāmī 1 adj who returns; who comes back √gam 1 a (go) ā + √gam > gām + *ī ī adj 5
anatimānī adj who is not conceited; who is not arrogant; who is humble √man 3 ya (think) na > an + ati + √man > mān + *ī ī adj 5
bhogī 1.1 adj enjoying; using; experiencing; partaking in √bhuj 2 ṃa (use, eat, enjoy) √bhuj > bhoj > bhog + *a + ī ī adj 5
adhamma 2 masc false teaching; something opposed to the teaching √dhar 1 a (hold, carry, endure) na > a + √dhar + ma a masc 5
bahulī adj abundant; full of √bah 1 a (increase) √bah + u + la ī adj 5
niraya masc hell; hell realm √i 1 a (come, go) nir + √i > ay + *a a masc 5
nābhijānāti 1 pr does not know; does not understand √ñā 5 nā (know) na + abhi + jānā + ti āti pr 5
nāsakkhi aor was unable (to); was incapable (of); was not possible (to) √sak 4 ṇo (be able, be powerful) na + a + sakkho + i i aor issaṃ 5
byākarissati fut will explain; will define; will describe √kar 7 o (do, make) vi > vy > by + ā + karissa + ti oti pr 5
bhavissati 1 fut could be; should be √bhū 1 a (be, become) bhavissa + ti issati fut 5
adassāvī adj who has no regard (for) √dis 1 a (see) na > a + dassa + āvī ī adj 5
vādī 1 adj speaking; saying; telling √vad 1 a (say, speak) √vad > vād + *ī ī adj 5
upaghātī adj who injures; who harms √ghaṭ 8 *e (strike, kill) upa + √ghaṭ > ghāṭ + *ī ī adj 5
ṭhassati fut will stand; will stay; will remain; will last √ṭhā 1 a (stand) √ṭhā + ssa + ti ssati fut 5
anāgāmī adj who does not return; non-returning √gam 1 a (go) na > an + ā + √gam > gām + *ī ī adj 5
gamissati 1 fut will go √gam 1 a (go) √gam + issa + ti issati fut 5
nappaṭikaṅkhati pr does not anticipate; does not expect; does not await; does not personally wish (for) √kaṅkh 1 a (wish for) na + pati + kaṅkha + ti ati pr 5
natthi 1 pr is not; it is not; there is not; there is no; there is nothing √as 1 a (be) na + √as + ti natthi pr 5
khemī adj at peace; safe; secure √khi 1 a (live, abide peacefully) √khi > khe + *ma + ī ī adj 5
mā 1.1 ind do not; may one not; don't let 5
jegucchī 1 adj who is disgusted (to); recoiling (from); who hates (to); who detests √gup 1 sa (dislike) jiguccha > jeguccha + *ī ī adj 5
pakkhī 1 masc bird pakkha + ī ī masc 5
ātāpī adj avid; ardent; zealous; with continuous effort √tap 1 a (burn, radiate heat) ā + √tap > tāp + *ī ī adj 5
no 1.1 ind no; not na + u > no 5
na 1 ind no; not; neither; nor 5
dhāressati fut will bear in mind; will keep in mind; will remembers √dhar 8 *e (wear, hold, carry) dhāre + ssa + ti eti pr 5
anālaya 1 masc non-clinging; non-attachment; non-reliance; unstuck; epithet of Nibbāna √lī 3 ya (stick, hide) na > an + ā + √lī > lay + *a a masc 5
āgantar 2 masc returner (to); who comes back (to) √gam 1 a (go) ā + √gam + tar ar masc 6
vidū 1 adj wise; knowing; understanding √vid 1 a (know) √vid + ū ū adj 6
viññū 1 adj wise; intelligent; discerning; knowledgeable √ñā 5 nā (know) vi + √ñā + ū ū adj 6
paññavant adj wise; intelligent; discerning; insightful; percipient √ñā 5 nā (know) pa + √ñā + ā + vant ant adj 6
nahāru masc tendon; sinew √nah 3 ya (bind, arm) √nah + āru u masc 6
pacchā 1 ind afterwards; later; in the future paccha + ā 6
abhibhū 1 masc conqueror; victor; vanquisher; master (of) √bhū 1 a (be, become) abhi + √bhū + ū ū masc 6
sīlavant adj virtuous; ethical; moral √sīl 1 a (conduct oneself) √sīl + a + vant ant adj 6
viññū 2 masc wise person; sage; knowledgable man; intelligent person √ñā 5 nā (know) vi + √ñā + ū ū masc 6
garu 5 masc respect; honour √gar 1 a (esteem, be heavy) √gar + u u masc 6
bhātar masc brother ar2 masc 6
sabbābhibhū adj all conquering; victorious over everything sabba + abhibhū ū adj 6
suve ind tomorrow 6
sabbavidū 1 adj all-knowing; omniscient sabba + vidū ū adj 6
bhagavant 1 masc Sublime One; Blessed One; Fortunate One; Auspicious One; epithet of the Buddha √bhaj 1 a (divide, distribute) √bhaj > bhag + a + vant ant masc 6
kālena ind timely; at the right time; at an appropriate moment √kal 8 *e (spend time) √kal > kāl + *a + ena 6
bhikkhu masc monk; monastic; mendicant; fully ordained monk √bhikkh 1 a (beg) √bhikkh + u u masc 6
hirimant adj having a conscience; with scruples; with an internal sense of right and wrong √hir 3 ya (be ashamed) √hir + i + mant ant adj 6
maccu masc death; Death √mar 1 a (die) √mar + tyu u masc 6
mattaññū adj knowing the correct measure (in); knowing the limit (in); moderate (in) matta + ñū ū adj 6
sadā ind always; ever; all the time saṃ + dā 6
ajjhāvasatar masc who lives in a home; who is domestically settled √vas 1 a (live) adhi > adhy > ajjh + ā + vasa + tar ar masc 6
kattar 1 masc creator; maker √kar 7 o (do, make) √kar + tar ar masc 6
satthar 1 masc master; teacher √sās 1 a (order, instruct) √sās + tar ar masc 6
ajja ind today; now ima + jja 6
yadā ind when; whenever ya + dā 6
upasaṅkamitar 1 masc visitor; guest √kam 1 a (go) upa + saṃ + √kam + itar ar masc 6
rattaññū adj old; experienced; of long standing ratta + ñū ū adj 6
satimant 1 adj mindful; fully present; attentive √sar 1 a (remember) √sar + ti + mant ant adj 6
lokavidū masc who knows the world; who understands the universe; epithet of the Buddha loka + vidū ū masc 6
vajjavant adj at fault; in error; with mistakes √vajj 8 *e (turn, avoid) √vajj + ya + vant ant adj 6
akkhātar masc speaker (of); who tells (about); who speaks (about); who expresses (about) √khā 1 a (tell, announce) ā + √khā + tar ar masc 6
bāhu masc arm; forearm √bah 1 a (increase) √bah > bāh + *u u masc 6
balavant 1 adj strong; powerful √bal 1 a (be strong, live) √bal + a + vant ant adj 6
dātar 1 masc giver; donor (of) √dā 1 a (give) √dā + tar ar masc 6
āyatiṃ ind in future √yat 1 a (stretch, strive) ā + √yat + i + iṃ 6
assutavant adj unlearned; untaught; uninitiated; untrained √su 4 ṇā (hear) na > a + √su + ta + vant ant adj 6
pavattar 1 masc proclaimer; propagator; disseminator (of) √vac 1 a (say, speak) pa + √vac + tar ar masc 6
āyasmant 1 masc sir; venerable; reverend √i 1 a (come, go) ā + √i > ay + *as + mant ant masc 6
vā 1 ind or; either or 6
cakkhumant 2 masc person with sight; who can see √cakkh 1 a (see) √cakkh + u + mant ant masc 6
pitar masc father ar2 masc 6
ca 2.2 ind but; although; and if 6
pubbe 1 ind before; previously; formerly; in the past pubba + e 6
pure 2 ind formerly; previously; in the past 6
phāsu 2 masc ease (for); comfort (for) √phus 1 a (touch) √phus > phās + *u u masc 6
ca 2.1 ind and; both 6
devatā fem deity; god √div 3 ya (shine) √div > dev + *a + tā ā fem 7
assavanatā fem fact of not hearing (of) √su 4 ṇā (hear) na > a + √su > sav + *ana + tā ā fem 7
pajā 2 fem people; population; generation; mankind √jan 3 ya (be born, produce) pa + √jan + ā ā fem 7
assatha opt you all could be; you might be √as 1 a (be) assa + tha ssa opt 7
pūjā 1 fem veneration (of); homage (to); honouring √pūj 8 *e (honour, venerate) √pūj + ā ā fem 7
nisajjā 1 fem sitting; sitting down √sad 1 a (sink, sit, settle) ni + √sad + ya + ā ā fem 7
adhigaccheyya 2 opt would experience; would feel √gam 1 a (go) adhi + gaccha + eyya ati pr 7
disā 1 fem direction; cardinal point √dis 1 a (point out, explain) √dis + ā ā fem 7
paññā 1 fem wisdom; knowledge; understanding; insight; distinctive knowledge √ñā 5 nā (know) pa + √ñā + ā ā fem 7
assu 3.1 opt they should be; they may be; they would be; may they be √as 1 a (be) assa + u ssa opt 7
dārikā fem girl; daughter dāra + ikā ā fem 7
saññā 1 fem perception; conception; recognition; third of the five aggregates √ñā 5 nā (know) saṃ + √ñā + ā ā fem 7
assaṃ opt I could be; I might be; may I be; I could become √as 1 a (be) √as + aṃ ssa opt 7
assāma opt we could be; we may be; we might be; we should be √as 1 a (be) assa + āma ssa opt 7
mettā fem goodwill (towards); friendliness (to); benevolence (for) √mitt 1 a (be friendly) √mitt > mett + *ā ā fem 7
parivīmaṃsā fem thorough investigation; complete examination √man 3 sa (think) pari + vīmaṃsa + ā ā fem 7
bāhā 1 fem arm; forearm √bah 1 a (increase) √bah > bāh + *ā ā fem 7
nibbidā fem dis-enchantment (towards); de-illusionment (with); disinterest (in); dispassion (towards) √vid 2 ṃa (feel, like) nī + √vid > bid + ā ā fem 7
pipāsā fem thirst (for) √pā 1 sa (drink) pipāsa + ā ā fem 7
samācare opt could perform; would do √car 1 a (act, behave) saṃ + ā + cara + e ati pr 7
abhijjhā fem wishing; wanting; covetousness; greed √jhā 3 ya (think, meditate) abhi + √jhā + ā ā fem 7
vedanā 1 fem (pleasant, unpleasant or neutral) felt experience; feeling; feeling tone; sensation; second of the five aggregates √vid 8 *e (know, sense, feel) √vid > ved + *anā ā fem 7
pavāraṇā 2 fem (vinaya) invitation ceremony at the end of the rains retreat √var 8 *e (wish, choose) pa + vāre + anā ā fem 7
vipassanā fem insight; penetrating internal vision; introspection √dis 1 a (see) vi + passa + anā ā fem 7
saddhā 1 fem faith (in); belief (in); trust (in) √dhā 1 a (place, support) sad + √dhā + ā ā fem 7
passeyya 1 opt could see; would see √dis 1 a (see) passa + eyya ati pr 7
vīmaṃsā 1 fem inquiry; judgement; investigation; discrimination √man 3 sa (think) vīmaṃsa + ā ā fem 7
muditā fem happiness (for); appreciation; sympathetic joy √mud 1 a (be soft, be happy) √mud + ita + ā ā fem 7
paccāsā fem expectation; hope; anticipation √is 1 a (wish for) pati > paty > pacc + ā + √is + ā ā fem 7
sākhā 1 fem branch ā fem 7
upāsikā fem female disciple; laywomen; female devotee √ās 1 a (sit) upa + √ās + ikā ā fem 7
assa 3.1 opt may be; could be; should be; would be; could become √as 1 a (be) √as + a ssa opt 7
pabbajjā 1 fem (vinaya) novice ordination; renunciation; becoming a monastic √vaj 1 a (go on) pa + √vaj > baj + yā ā fem 7
sañcetanā fem wishing; intending; willing; making a choice √cit 8 *e (think, intend) saṃ + √cit > cet + *anā ā fem 7
upasampadā 2 fem (vinaya) higher ordination as monastic √pad 3 ya (go, step) upa + saṃ + √pad + ā ā fem 7
siyā 2 opt there could be √as 1 a (be) siya + ā siyā opt 7
kareyya 2 opt would make; could make √kar 7 o (do, make) √kar + eyya karoti pr 7
jarā fem old age; ageing √jar 1 a (age) √jar + ā ā fem 7
siyuṃ opt they would be; there could be √as 1 a (be) siya + uṃ siyā opt 7
karuṇā fem compassion; sympathy; kindness (towards unfortunate beings) ā fem 7
khuddā 1.1 fem hunger √khud 1 a (be hungry) √khud + yā ā fem 7
jāneyya opt should know; should understand; should find out √ñā 5 nā (know) jānā + eyya āti pr 7
siyaṃ opt I could be; may I be; I might be; I should be √as 1 a (be) siya + aṃ siyā opt 7
jivhā fem tongue ā fem 7
sīmā 2 fem (vinaya) boundary in which legal actions are performed ā fem 7
jīraṇatā fem old age; decrepitude; deterioration √jīr 1 a (grow old, decay) √jīr + aṇa + tā ā fem 7
kathā 1 fem talk; speech; conversation; discussion √kath 8 *e (speak, narrate) √kath + ā ā fem 7
taṇhā 1 fem craving (for); wanting; desire (for) √tas 6 ṇhā (thirst) taṇhā + ā ā fem 7
upapajjeyya opt would be reborn (in); would re-arise (in) √pad 3 ya (go, step) upa + pajja + eyya ati pr 7
āgaccheyya opt could come; would come along; could approach; would arrive √gam 1 a (go) ā + gaccha + eyya eyya opt 7
senā fem army; military ā fem 7
gāthā 1 fem verse; poem; stanza √gā 3 ya (sing) √gā + thā ā fem 7
sikkhā 1 fem training (in); practice (in) √sikkh 1 a (learn, train) √sikkh + ā ā fem 7
ṭīkā fem sub-commentary; commentary on a commentary ā fem 7
uppajjeyya opt would become available (for); would accrue (to); could crop up (for) √pad 3 ya (go, step) ud + pajja + eyya ati pr 7
gaccheyya opt could go; would move; would walk √gam 1 a (go) gaccha + eyya ati pr 7
vadeyya opt would say; could speak; could tell √vad 1 a (say, speak) vada + eyya ati pr 7
vijjā 1 fem knowledge; wisdom; understanding √vid 3 ya (know, understand) √vid + yā ā fem 7
avijjā fem ignorance; illusion; not knowing; not understanding √vid 3 ya (know, understand) na > a + √vid + yā ā fem 7
upekkhā fem looking on; mental poise; mental balance; equanimity; equipoise; non-reactivity; composure √ikkh 1 a (see, mark) upa + √ikkh + ā ā fem 7
gayā 1 fem name of a village ā fem 7
kuṭi 1 fem hut; cabin; simple monastic dwelling √kuṭ 1 a (be crooked, be bent) √kuṭ + i i fem 8
vivicca ger separating (from); aloof (from) √vic 1 a (separate) vi + √vic + ya 8
patvā 1 abs having reached; having arrived (at) √ap 4 uṇā (reach, attain) pa + √ap + tvā 8
amutra ind there; in such-and-such a place amu + tra 8
paṭhavī fem earth; ground √path 1 a (expand) √path > paṭh + avī ī fem 8
mātar fem mother mātar fem 8
petī fem female ghost; female spirit √i 1 a (come, go) pa + e + ta + ī ī fem 8
katvāna 1 abs having done √kar 7 o (do, make) √kar + tvāna 8
saritvā 1.1 abs having remembered; having recollected √sar 1 a (remember) √sar + itvā 8
paṭissutvā abs having agreed (with); having responded in agreement (to); having assented (to) √su 4 ṇā (hear) pati + √su + tvā 8
paṇidhāya 1 ger guiding; directing; determining; setting √dhā 1 a (place, support) pa + ni + √dhā + ya 8
ābhujitvā abs having bent; having folded √bhuj 1 a (bend) ā + √bhuj + itvā 8
āpatti 2 fem (vinaya) offence; wrongdoing; transgression √pad 3 ya (go, step) ā + √pad + ti i fem 8
muñcitvā 1 abs having released; having let go √muc 2 ṃa (release, free) muñca + itvā 8
vippahāya ger completely abandoning; totally renouncing √hā 1 a (abandon) vi + pa + √hā + ya 8
sugati fem good destination; happy fate √gam 1 a (go) su + √gam + ti i fem 8
suggati fem state of happiness; good destination; heaven √gam 1 a (go) su + √gam + ti i fem 8
āgamma 1 ger coming (to); arriving (at); meeting (with) √gam 1 a (go) ā + √gam + ya 8
ñatvā abs having known; having found out; having understood √ñā 5 nā (know) √ñā + tvā 8
vatthi 1 fem bladder; urinary tract i fem 8
khanti 1 fem patience; endurance; tolerance √kham 1 a (tolerate, endure) √kham + ti i fem 8
itthī 1 fem woman; female ī fem 8
uṭṭhāya ger rising (from); emerging (from); getting up (from) √ṭhā 1 a (stand) ud + √ṭhā + ya 8
bhikkhunī fem nun; fully ordained nun √bhikkh 1 a (beg) √bhikkh + u + nī ī fem 8
paṭinivattitvā abs having turned around and come back (from) √vatt 1 a (be, proceed) pati + ni + √vatt + itvā 8
hitvā abs having left; having left behind; having abandoned √hā 1 a (abandon) √hā + itvā 8
paṭiggahetvā 2 abs having received; having accepted √gah 6 ṇhā (grasp) pati + gahe + tvā 8
caritvā 1.1 abs having walked; having wandered √car 1 a (move, walk) √car + itvā 8
hiri 1 fem conscience; sense of right and wrong; scruples; (comm) originating from inside √hir 3 ya (be ashamed) √hir + i i fem 8
chetvā 1 abs having cut off; having severed; (comm) having killed √chid 2 ṃa (cut, steal) √chid > ched + *tvā 8
idha 2 ind here; in this regard; in this case ima + dha 8
paggahetvā 2 abs having raised up; having lifted up √gah 6 ṇhā (grasp) pa + gahe + tvā 8
kuhiṃ ind where? ka > ku + hiṃ 8
nisajja ger sitting down √sad 1 a (sink, sit, settle) ni + √sad + ya 8
abhirati fem pleasure (in); delight (in); happiness (in) √ram 1 a (delight, please) abhi + √ram + ti i fem 8
karitvā 2 abs having made √kar 7 o (do, make) √kar + itvā 8
sabbattha 1 ind everywhere; every place sabba + ttha 8
samāpajjitvā abs having entered; having attained √pad 3 ya (go, step) saṃ + ā + pajja + itvā 8
visuddhi 1.1 fem purity (of); purification (of); holiness √sudh 3 ya (be pure) vi + √sudh + ti i fem 8
ādāya 4 ger adopting; assuming; according (to) √ādā 3 ya (take, seize) √ādā + ya 8
kuto 1 ind from where?; where? ka > ku + to 8
bārāṇasī fem name of a city; modern Varanasi ī fem 8
vimutti fem release; liberation; deliverance; freedom; emancipation √muc 2 ṃa (release, free) vi + √muc + ti i fem 8
anusāsanī fem advice; instruction; teaching √sās 1 a (order, instruct) anu + √sās + ana + ī ī fem 8
appaccakkhāya ger not giving up; not disavowing; not renouncing; not rejecting √khā 1 a (tell, announce) na > a + pati > paty > pacc + ā + √khā + ya 8
purato ind in front (of) pura + to 8
saṃhāni fem decrease (of); dwindling (of); decay (of); weakening (of) √hā 3 ya (decrease) saṃ + √hā + ni i fem 8
dhītar fem daughter ar fem 8
ettha 1 ind here; in this place; in this case; in this regard ima + ttha 8
dhātu 1 fem state; property; condition; element √dhā 1 a (place, support) √dhā + tu u fem 8
accādhāya ger overlapping; placing one on top of another √dhā 1 a (place, support) ati > aty > acc + ā + √dhā + ya 8
satti 1 fem spear; javelin; weapon √sak 4 ṇo (be able, be powerful) √sak + ti i fem 8
ruci fem preference; choice; liking; approval √ruc 1 *a (shine, like) √ruc + i i fem 8
gahetvā 5 abs having arrested; having taken prisoner √gah 6 ṇhā (grasp) gahe + tvā 8
ekato 1 ind on one side eka + to 8
upasampajja 1 ger reaching; attaining; arriving at √pad 3 ya (go, step) upa + saṃ + √pad + ya 8
gahetvā 1 abs having taken; having held √gah 6 ṇhā (grasp) gahe + tvā 8
passaddhi fem calm; tranquillity; peace; stillness; serenity √sambh 1 a (be calm, be confident) pa + √sambh > sabh + ti i fem 8
pāripūrī fem fulfilment; completion; perfecting; maturity √pūr 1 a (fill, fulfil) pari + √pūr + ī ī fem 8
sati 1.2 fem mindfulness; presence; recollection; awareness √sar 1 a (remember) √sar + ti i fem 8
sāyitvā abs having tasted √sāy 1 a (taste) √sāy + itvā 8
samādāya 2 ger undertaking; taking up; accepting √ādā 3 ya (take, seize) saṃ + √ādā + ya 8
disvā abs having seen; having understood; having found out √dis 1 a (see) √dis + tvā 8
saṅghāṭi 1 fem outer robe; double robe; patchwork robe √ghaṭ 1 a (join together) saṃ + √ghaṭ > ghāṭ + *i i fem 8
diṭṭhi 1 fem view; belief; opinion; concept; theory; attitude; philosophy; credo; creed; dogma √dis 1 a (see) √dis + ti i fem 8
sāvatthī fem name of a city; capital of Kosala √su 1 a (flow) √su > sāv + a + ttha + *ī ī fem 8
samāpatti 1 fem attainment; meditation attainment √pad 3 ya (go, step) saṃ + ā + √pad + ti i fem 8
upasaṅkamitvā abs having approached; having gone (to); having drawn near (to) √kam 1 a (go) upa + saṃ + √kam + itvā 8
sutvā abs having heard; having listened (to) √su 4 ṇā (hear) √su + tvā 8
tattha 1 ind there; in that place ta + ttha 8
yattha ind wherever; where; when; in which ya + ttha 8
yato 2 ind since; because; due to the fact that; on account of which ya + to 8
yāgu fem rice gruel; congee u fem 8
ṭhiti 1 fem stability; constancy; continuity; endurance; persistence; longevity √ṭhā 1 a (stand) √ṭhā + ti i fem 8
yakkhī fem female supernatural being; female spirit; daemoness √yakkh 8 *e (worship) √yakkh + a + ī ī fem 8
pīti 1.1 fem delight; heartfelt joy; pleasure; feeling of love √pī 5 nā (love, please) √pī + ti i fem 8
tattha 2 ind in that regard; in that case; regarding that matter ta + ttha 8
nārī fem woman nara > nāra + *ī ī fem 8
tatra 1 ind there; in that place ta + tra 8
kukkuṭī fem hen; chicken kukkuṭa + ī ī fem 8
vesālī fem name of a city; capital of the Licchavis ī fem 8
acchādetvā abs having dressed (in); having clothed oneself (in); having put on √chad 8 *e (cover, conceal) ā + chāde + tvā 8
samuttejetvā abs having fired up; having enthused √tij 8 *e (be sharp, be hot) saṃ + ud + teje + tvā 8
vineyya 1 ger removing; getting rid (of); putting aside √nī 1 a (lead, carry) vi + √nī > ne + *ya 8
pāra 1.1 nt far side; far shore; bank on the other side (of); epithet of Nibbāna para > pāra + *a a nt 9
pāmojja nt joy; happiness; gladness √mud 1 a (be soft, be happy) pa + √mud > mod + *a + *ya a nt 9
pārājika 3 nt (vinaya) offence involving defeat; transgression requiring expulsion √ji 1 a (conquer) parā > pārā + √ji + *aka a nt 9
vepulla 1 nt expansion; full development; maturity √pul 8 *e (increase) vi > ve + √pul + a + *ya a nt 9
ārogya 1 nt health; wellness; freedom from disease √ruj 1 a (hurt, be painful) na + √ruj > rog + *a + *ya a nt 9
āsana 1 nt seat; chair √ās 1 a (sit) √ās + ana a nt 9
sutta 2.1 nt scripture; discourse; sacred text √siv 3 ya (sew) √siv > suv + ta a nt 9
gantukāma adj wishing to go; wanting to go (from somewhere to somewhere) gantuṃ + kāma a adj 9
vassa 1.3 nt year √vass 1 a (rain) √vass + a a nt 9
kula 1 nt family; house; household; respectable family √kul 1 a (be close) √kul + a a nt 9
itthatta 1 nt present state of existence; earthly existence; such an existence ima + ttha + tta a nt 9
vosāna 1 nt perfecting; accomplishing; attaining; mastering √sā 1 a (complete, accomplish) vi + ava + √sā + ana a nt 9
puppha 1 nt flower √pupph 1 a (flower, expand) √pupph + a a nt 9
pālicca nt hoariness; grey hair palita > pālita + *ya a nt 9
bahujanasukhāya nt for the comfort of many people; for the ease of the masses bahujana + sukha + āya a nt 9
indriya 1 nt sense; mental faculty; power indra + iya a nt 9
vyākaraṇa 1 nt answering; replying √kar 7 o (do, make) vi > vy + ā + √kar + aṇa a nt 9
khaṇḍicca nt brokenness; (comm) broken teeth √khaṇḍ 8 *e (break) √khaṇḍ + ita + ya a nt 9
adhicitta nt meditation; mental development; higher consciousness √cit 8 *e (think, intend) adhi + √cit + ta a nt 9
bala 2 nt mental power; Dhamma strength √bal 1 a (be strong, live) √bal + a a nt 9
bala 1 nt strength; power; might √bal 1 a (be strong, live) √bal + a a nt 9
piṇḍāya masc for alms; to collect alms food √piṇḍ 8 *e (collect) √piṇḍ + a + āya a masc 9
samanupassituṃ inf to see (as); to regard (as); to consider (as) √dis 1 a (see) saṃ + anu + passa + ituṃ 9
puñña 1 nt merit; good deed; spiritual wealth √puṇ 1 a (be skilful, be precise) √puṇ + ya a nt 9
anagāriya 1 nt homelessness; homeless state na > an + agāra + iya a nt 9
bahujanahitāya nt for the benefit of many people; for the good of the population bahujana + hita + āya a nt 9
dāna 1.2 nt alms; almsfood √dā 1 a (give) √dā + ana a nt 9
aññātuṃ inf to know; to understand √ñā 5 nā (know) ā + √ñā + tuṃ 9
kiṃ nu kho idiom why on earth!?; how indeed!?; which!?; which is it then!? 9
ottappa nt regret; shame in wrongdoing; respect for others; (comm) originating from outside √tapp 1 a (regret) ud > od + √tapp + *a a nt 9
upasaṅkamituṃ inf to approach; to visit; to go (to) √kam 1 a (go) upa + saṃ + √kam + ituṃ 9
yāva tāva idiom as long as … then; as far as ... that much; until ... to that extent 9
yāva 1 ind as long as; as far as; so much so; up to; until; from … to 9
yena tena idiom where … there 9
yena 2 ind because of; because of which ya + ena 9
yena 3 ind where; wherever; in which direction; to; towards ya + ena 9
ratana 1.1 nt jewel; gem; gemstone a nt 9
somanassa nt (mental) pleasure; happiness; gladness; joy; positive state of mind √man 3 ya (think) su > so + √man + as + *ya a nt 9
rūpa 1 nt matter; material thing; materiality; experience of material world; physical objects of consciousness; first of the five aggregates √rūp 8 *e (form, produce) √rūp + a a nt 9
rūpa 3 nt (object of the eye) form; material form; shape; sight; appearance √rūp 8 *e (form, produce) √rūp + a a nt 9
soracca nt kindness; gentleness; compassion; (comm) good conduct √ram 1 a (delight, please) su > so + √ram + ta + *ya a nt 9
sotthāna nt safety; sanctuary; well-fare; well-being; blessing √as 1 a (be) su > so + √as + ti + ana a nt 9
agāra 2 nt household life; domestic living a nt 9
agāra 1 nt dwelling; building; house; hut a nt 9
lohita 1 nt blood a nt 9
ūna 2 nt shortage (of); deficiency (of); lack (of); want (of); need (for) a nt 9
upādāna 2 nt grasping; clinging; acquiring; appropriating; taking possession; identifying √ādā 3 ya (take, seize) upa + √ādā + ana a nt 9
sakkā nu idiom is it possible (to)?; is one able (to)? 9
sakkā 1 ind it is possible (to); one is able (to) √sak 4 ṇo (be able, be powerful) √sak + yā 9
yāni tāni idiom whoever … they; whichever … those 9
yaṃ taṃ idiom whoever … him; whatever … that 9
saṅgara 1 nt dealing; bargaining; negotiating; transacting (with) √gir 1 a (call, speak) saṃ + √gir > gar + a a nt 9
yasmā tasmā idiom because … therefore; since … that is why 9
yesu tesu idiom among whom … among them; in which … in those 9
sacca 2 nt truth; epithet of Nibbāna √as 1 a (be) sa + nta > santa > sat + ya a nt 9
loṇa 2 nt sea-salt; brine a nt 9
yattha tattha idiom where … there 9
olokana nt looking (at); observing; checking √lok 8 *e (look) ava + √lok + ana a nt 9
vattha 1.1 nt cloth; clothes; robe √vas 8 *e (wear, dress) √vas + ta a nt 9
kiṃ nu idiom why?; why indeed?; which? 9
atthāya 2 masc fortunate (for); beneficial (for); useful (for) √ar 1 a (move, attain) √ar + tha + āya a masc 9
kāḷaka 2 nt stain; dirt; dirty mark kāḷa + ka a nt 9
bhaya 3 nt danger (of; from); peril (of; from) √bhī 1 a (fear) √bhī > bhay + *a a nt 9
hitāya nt beneficial (for); advantageous (for) √dhā 1 a (place, support) √dhā > (da)h + ita + āya a nt 9
uṭṭhāna 2 nt effort; exertion; initiative; activity √ṭhā 1 a (stand) ud + √ṭhā + ana a nt 9
atippago ind too early (to) ati + pago 9
aṇḍa 1 nt egg a nt 9
aṭṭhi 1.1 nt bone i nt 9
bhesajja nt medicine; remedy; tonic; drug bhisaja > bhesaja + *ya a nt 9
kātuṃ 1 inf to do; to perform √kar 7 o (do, make) √kar + tuṃ 9
vatthu 2 nt site; location; base; grounds √vas 1 a (live) √vas + tu u nt 9
bhojana 2 nt eating; taking food √bhuj 2 ṃa (use, eat, enjoy) √bhuj > bhoj + *ana a nt 9
kallaṃ ind it is suitable (to); it is proper (to); it is fit (for) √kal 8 *e (accomplish) √kal + ya + aṃ 9
maṅgala 1 nt what is auspicious; blessing; good omen; prosperity √maṅg 1 a (be auspicious) √maṅg + ala a nt 9
maṇḍana nt adorning; embellishing; beautifying oneself √maṇḍ 1 a (adorn) √maṇḍ + ana a nt 9
upaṭṭhāna 1 nt attending (to); waiting on; serving √ṭhā 1 a (stand) upa + √ṭhā + ana a nt 9
manāpa 2 nt pleasant experience; something nice a nt 9
maraṇa nt death; dying √mar 1 a (die) √mar + aṇa a nt 9
maṃsa 1 nt meat; flesh a nt 9
kathaṃ 1 ind how? ka + thaṃ 9
mukha 7 nt cause; means; way; (comm) door; source a nt 9
kati pron how many? ka + ti kati pron pl 9
katama pron what?; which (of the many)? ka + tama a pron 9
kaṅkhituṃ inf to doubt; to be uncertain (about) √kaṅkh 1 a (doubt) √kaṅkh + ituṃ 9
mūla 1 nt (of a tree) root; base; foot √mūl 1 a (support) √mūl + a a nt 9
mūla 2 nt source; origin; root √mūl 1 a (support) √mūl + a a nt 9
kiṃ 2 ind how?; what? ka > ki + iṃ 9
pācittiya 1 nt (vinaya) offence requiring confession a nt 9
gaha 2 nt house √gah 6 ṇhā (grasp) √gah + a a nt 9
vatta 1.1 nt custom; practice; way of life; behaviour √vatt 1 a (be, proceed) √vatt + a a nt 9
ñāṇa 2 nt knowing (of); understanding (of); insight (into) √ñā 5 nā (know) √ñā + aṇa a nt 9
alaṃ 3 ind enough; it is enough (for) 9
alika 1 nt lie; falsehood; untruth a nt 9
nibbindituṃ inf to become dis-enchanted (with); to become disinterested (in); to be disillusioned (with); to lose interest (in) √vid 2 ṃa (feel, like) nī + vinda + ituṃ 9
sīsa 1 nt head a nt 9
citta 1.1 nt mind; heart √cit 8 *e (think, intend) √cit + ta a nt 9
nibbāna 2 nt (of mental defilement) complete quenching; total emancipation; complete cooling √vā 1 a (blow, emit odour) nī + √vā > bā + ana a nt 9
nidāna 1 nt source; origin; foundation; cause; reason √dā 3 ya (tie, bind) ni + √dā + ana a nt 9
appaka 2 nt few things; few people; small amount appa + ka a nt 9
api nu idiom is?; did?; are?; who?; what?; how?; would? 9
nāma 4 nt mental objects of consciousness; mentality; mental factors of feeling, perception, intention, contact and attention a nt 9
sīla 1 nt ethical conduct; virtue; moral integrity √sīl 1 a (conduct oneself) √sīl + a a nt 9
amanāpa 2 nt unpleasant experience; something disagreeable na > a + manāpa a nt 9
sañcaritta nt matchmaking; carrying proposals √car 1 a (move, walk) saṃ + √car + a > cari + tta a nt 9
aparihāna nt not deteriorating; not decreasing; non-declining; non-regressing (of) √hā 3 ya (decrease) na > a + pari + √hā + ana a nt 9
viriya nt effort; energy; might; power √vīr 8 *e (be heroic, be hostile) √vīr + iya a nt 9
pamāṇa 3 nt measure; measurement; length; size; amount; quantity √mā 5 nā (measure) pa + √mā + aṇa a nt 9
alaṃ 2 ind is able (to); is possible (to); is capable (of) ala + aṃ 9
nakkhatta 1 nt constellation; zodiac; celestial object √nakkh 1 a (attain, arrive) √nakkh + a + tta a nt 9
cīvara 1 nt robe; cloth; robe-cloth a nt 9
abyositatta nt fact of not being perfected; fact of not being accomplished √sā 1 a (complete, accomplish) na > a + vi > vy > by + ava + √sā + ita + tta a nt 9
vibhūsana nt decorating; adorning √bhūs 1 a (adorn, decorate) vi + √bhūs + ana a nt 9
amaritukāma adj not wishing to die na > a + marituṃ + kāma a adj 9
sukha 2 nt ease; comfort; happiness; pleasure; contentment √sukh 1 a (please, be comfortable) √sukh + a a nt east 9
gantuṃ inf to go (to); to travel (to) √gam 1 a (go) √gam + tuṃ 9
sarīra 1 nt body a nt 9
abhinisīdituṃ inf to sit down (in); to sit (on) √sad 1 a (sink, sit, settle) abhi + ni + sīda + ituṃ 9
abhinipajjituṃ inf to lie down (on); to lie (in) √pad 3 ya (go, step) abhi + ni + pajja + ituṃ 9
sukhakāma adj wishing for ease; desiring comfort sukha + kāma a adj 9
sukhāya nt comfortable (for) √sukh 1 a (please, be comfortable) √sukh + a + āya a nt 9
abhiṭhāna nt deadly sin; heinous crime; great wrong √ṭhā 1 a (stand) abhi + √ṭhā + ana a nt 9
arañña nt forest; wood; wild; wilderness √ar 1 a (move, attain) √ar + aṇa + ya a nt 9
jīvitukāma adj wishing to live; wanting to stay alive jīvituṃ + kāma a adj 9
jhāna 2 nt meditation; stage of meditation √jhā 3 ya (think, meditate) √jhā + ana a nt 9
nu kho idiom does?; is?; would? 9
cela 2 nt clothes; garment √cil 1 a (clothe) √cil > cel + *a a nt 9
nu ind (adds a question mark) surely?; didn't?; wouldn't?; which? 9
alaṃ 1 ind (it is) suitable (to); proper (to); appropriate (to); worthy (for) 9
saraṇa 1.1 nt shelter; refuge; help; epithet of Nibbāna √sar 1 a (go, flow) √sar + aṇa a nt 9
carituṃ 1.2 inf to walk (in); to wander (in) √car 1 a (move, walk) √car + ituṃ 9
nanu ind surely?; but wouldn't?; is it true?; wasn't? na + nu 9
na sukaraṃ idiom it is not easy (to); it is not easy to make 9
gimhāna nt hot season; summer gimha + ā + ana a nt 9
āyu 2 nt life force; life energy √i 1 a (come, go) ā + √i > ay + *u u nt 9
tena 2 ind thereby; because of that; on that account ta + ena 9
dhana 1 nt wealth; riches; treasure √dhan 1 a (be rich) √dhan + a a nt 9
tena 3 ind there ta + ena 9
passa 1.1 nt (of the body) side; rib a nt 9
domanassa nt (mental) suffering; distress; discontent; dissatisfaction; dejection; depression; unhappiness; grief; negative state of mind √man 3 ya (think) dur > do + √man + as + *ya a nt 9
dubbalya nt weakness; lack of strength; feebleness; incapability √bal 1 a (be strong, live) dur + √bal + a + ya a nt 9
ghāna nt nose √ghā 3 ya (smell) √ghā + ana a nt 9
vīriya 1 nt effort; energy; might; power √vīr 8 *e (be heroic, be hostile) √vīr + iya a nt 9
dāna 1.1 nt giving; offering; charity; generosity √dā 1 a (give) √dā + ana a nt 9
dukkha 3 nt discomfort; suffering; unease; unpleasantness; something unsatisfactory; trouble; a bummer; stress √dukkh 1 a (be painful) √dukkh + a a nt east 9
dukkaṭa 3 nt class of vinaya offence; wrong-doing √kar 7 o (do, make) dur + √kar + ta a nt 9
pavana 1.1 nt woodland; forest pa + vana a nt 9
gamanāya nt to go (to); for going to see; for visiting √gam 1 a (go) √gam + ana + āya a nt 9
vicikicchituṃ inf to doubt; to be uncertain √cit 8 sa (think, intend) vi + cikiccha + ituṃ 9
sāsana 1 nt teaching; instruction √sās 1 a (order, instruct) √sās + ana a nt 9
dassanāya 2 nt in order to visit; for the purpose of seeing √dis 1 a (see) dassa + ana + āya a nt 9
duccarita 2 nt misconduct; misbehaviour; bad behaviour (by) √car 1 a (act, behave) dur + √car + ita a nt 9
cakkhu 1 nt eye √cakkh 1 a (see) √cakkh + u u nt 9
paccakkhāna nt denial; refusal; rejection √khā 1 a (tell, announce) pati > paty > pacc + ā + √khā + ana a nt 9
tārituṃ inf to cross; to cross over √tar 1 a (cross) √tar > tār + ituṃ 9
taṃ kiṃ maññasi idiom what do you think about that?; what's your opinion on this? 9
tāva 1 ind until then; that long 9
parinibbāna 1 nt (of mental defilement) complete quenching; total emancipation; complete cooling √vā 1 a (blow, emit odour) pari + nī + bā + ana a nt 9
taṃ kiṃ maññatha idiom what do you think?; how do you feel about? 9
sampajañña 1 nt attentiveness; clear awareness; full comprehension √ñā 5 nā (know) saṃ + pa + jānā + ya a nt 9
viññāṇa 1 nt awareness; consciousness; cognition; mind; fifth of the five aggregates √ñā 5 nā (know) vi + √ñā + aṇa a nt 9
tila nt sesame seed a nt 9
tīra nt shore; riverbank; beach √tir 1 a (cross) √tir > tīr + *a a nt 9
saṃvidhātuṃ inf to organize; to arrange; to take care of √dhā 1 a (place, support) saṃ + vi + √dhā + tuṃ 9
tasmiṃ samaye idiom then; on that occasion; at that time 10
sato prp when being; when is; when are √as 1 a (be) sa + nta + to santa prp 10
amu pron (of person or place or thing) that; such; so and so amu pron 10
upādiyamāna prp grasping; holding (onto); clinging (to); taking possession (of) √ādā 3 ya (take, seize) upa + ādiya + māna māna prp 10
pakkamanta prp going away (from); leaving (from); departing (from) √kam 1 a (go) pa + kama + nta anta prp 10
eva 1 ind only; just; merely; exclusively 10
aññatara 2 pron one (of); either one (of) añña + tara a pron 10
ākaṅkhamāna prp wishing (for); desiring (for); seeking (for) √kaṅkh 1 a (wish for) ā + kaṅkha + māna māna prp 10
aññatara 1 pron a certain; a añña + tara a pron 10
nibbindanta prp being disenchanted (by); being disinterested (in); being disillusioned (by); losing interest (in) √vid 2 ṃa (feel, like) nī + vinda + nta anta prp 10
añña 1.1 pron another; other; different; someone else; not oneself a pron 10
asati 1.1 prp when isn't; when not existing √as 1 a (be) na > a + sa + nta + ti anta prp 10
avivadamāna prp not disputing; not quarrelling √vad 1 a (say, speak) na > a + vi + vada + māna māna prp 10
yasmiṃ samaye idiom whenever; at whichever time 10
tiṭṭhanta 1 prp standing (in); standing still √ṭhā 1 a (stand) tiṭṭha + nta anta prp 10
assasanta prp inhaling; breathing in √sas 1 a (breath) ā + sasa + nta anta prp 10
asante prp when there isn't; when not existing; when does not exist √as 1 a (be) na > a + sa + nta + e santa prp 10
ajānanta prp not knowing; being ignorant (of) √ñā 5 nā (know) na > a + jānā + nta anta prp 10
tiṭṭhamāna prp standing; remaining √ṭhā 1 a (stand) tiṭṭha + māna māna prp 10
ekacca 1 pron certain; one of eka + tya ekacca pron 10
tassa 3 pron when he; when it ta + ssa ta pron 10
upapajjamāna prp being reborn; re-arising √pad 3 ya (go, step) upa + pajja + māna māna prp 10
asamanupassanta prp not seeing; not perceiving √dis 1 a (see) na > a + saṃ + anu + passa + nta anta prp 10
sati 2.1 prp when is; when exists √as 1 a (be) sa + nta + ti santa prp 10
ādiyamāna prp taking; grabbing; stealing √ādā 3 ya (take, seize) ādiya + māna māna prp 10
jānanta prp knowing; being aware (of) √ñā 5 nā (know) jānā + nta anta prp 10
atthaṅgate sūriye idiom after sunset atthaṅgate + sūriye 10
itara 2 pron rest of ima + tara a pron 10
sayāna prp lying down √sī 1 a (lie, sleep) saya + āna āna prp 10
gacchanta prp going; walking; travelling √gam 1 a (go) gaccha + nta anta prp 10
sammodamāna prp being friendly; being on good terms √mud 1 *a (be soft, be happy) saṃ + moda + māna māna prp 10
patthayamāna 1 prp wishing (for); aspiring (for) √atth 8 *aya (wish for) pa + atthaya + māna māna prp 10
cavamāna prp falling away; dying √cu 1 a (shift, fall away, die) cava + māna māna prp 10
ima 1.1 pron this ima pron 10
apassanta prp not seeing; not noticing; not aware √dis 1 a (see) na > a + passa + nta anta prp 10
gaḷanta prp flowing; dripping; trickling; oozing √gal 1 a (drip, flow) gaḷa + nta anta prp 10
sampassamāna prp seeing; observing; considering √dis 1 a (see) saṃ + passa + māna māna prp 10
para 1 pron other; another (person) a pron 10
anupādiyanta prp not attaching (to); not taking as mine; not grasping (onto); not clinging (to); not taking possession (of) √ādā 3 ya (take, seize) na > an + upa + ādiya + nta anta prp 10
samanupassanta prp seeing; perceiving √dis 1 a (see) saṃ + anu + passa + nta anta prp 10
anañña pron not another; no other na > an + añña a pron 10
caramāna prp walking (in); walking about (in); wandering around (in); going around (in) √car 1 a (move, walk) cara + māna māna prp 10
viharanta prp living (in); dwelling (in); staying (at); remaining (in); continuing (in) √har 1 a (live) vi + hara + nta anta prp 10
imasmiṃ 2 pron when this ima + smiṃ ima pron 10
viheṭhayanta prp harming; vexing; annoying; troubling √heṭh 8 *aya (harass, annoy) vi + heṭhaya + nta anta prp 10
paṭisevanta 1 prp practising; indulging (in); engaging (in) √sev 1 a (serve, associate) pati + seva + nta anta prp 10
abhikkantāya rattiyā idiom as the evening passed; as the night progressed abhikkantāya + rattiyā 10
jāgaranta prp awake; staying awake; alert; watchful; lucid √jāgar 1 a (be awake, be watchful) jāgara + nta anta prp 10
anāpucchanta prp not asking permission; not taking leave; not informing (somebody about) √pucch 1 a (ask, question) na > an + ā + puccha + nta anta prp 10
pavicaranta prp examining; investigating; considering carefully √car 1 a (move, walk) pa + vi + cara + nta anta prp 10
anibbisanta prp not understanding; not penetrating; not finding; not getting hold (of) √vis 1 a (enter) na > a + nī + visa + nta anta prp 10
santa 1.1 prp existing; being; there is √as 1 a (be) sa + nta santa prp 10
passanta 1 prp seeing √dis 1 a (see) passa + nta anta prp 10
anussaranta prp remembering; recollecting; keeping in mind √sar 1 a (remember) anu + sara + nta anta prp 10
āpajjanta 1 prp arousing; exhibiting; producing; bringing into being √pad 3 ya (go, step) ā + pajja + nta anta prp 10
attani 2 masc when self; when oneself atta + ani a2 masc 10
sabba 1 pron all; every a pron 10
passasanta prp exhaling; breathing out √sas 1 a (breath) pa + sasa + nta anta prp 10
gavesanta prp seeking; searching (for); looking (for) √gaves 1 a (seek, search) gavesa + nta anta prp 10
sata 1.1 pp mindful; present; attentive √sar 1 a (remember) √sar + ta a pp 11
vutta 2.1 pp said; told; spoken; mentioned √vac 1 a (say, speak) √vac > vuc + ta a pp 11
sāhāra 1 adj with fuel; with nutriment; with sustenance √har 1 a (take, seize) sa + ā + √har > hār + *a a adj 11
suññato ind as empty; as void; as essenceless suñña + to 11
sumedha 1 adj wise; sage √medh 1 a (be wise) su + √medh + ā + a a adj 11
sāra 1 adj essential; fundamental; substantial; valuable; sound √sar 1 a (go, flow) √sar > sār + *a a adj 11
suduttara adj extremely difficult to cross; very hard to escape √tar 1 a (cross) su + dur + √tar + a a adj 11
samiñjita 2 pp bent back; folded back; flexed back √iñj 1 a (move, shake) saṃ + √iñj + ita a pp 11
samāhita 1 pp composed; centred; collected; settled; steadied √dhā 1 a (place, support) saṃ + ā + √dhā > (da)h + ita a pp 11
svākkhāta adj well taught; well preached; well explained √khā 1 a (tell, announce) su > sv + ā + √khā + ta a adj 11
sāruppa adj suitable (for); proper (for); appropriate (for) √rūp 8 *e (form, produce) sa > sā + √rūp + a + *ya a adj 11
samannāgata pp possessing; endowed (with); having √gam 1 a (go) saṃ + anu > ann + ā + √gam + ta a pp 11
sāyita 2 nt tasting; savouring √sāy 1 a (taste) √sāy + ita a nt 11
sārambha 2.1 adj harmful; hurtful; injurious √rabh 1 a (be aroused, be violent) sa + ā + rambha + a a adj 11
sutta 1.1 pp sleeping; asleep √sup 1 a (lie down, sleep) √sup + ta a pp 11
sārato ind as essential; as substantial; as valuable √sar 1 a (go, flow) √sar > sār + *a + to 11
susamāraddha adj resolutely undertaken; fully engaged with; energetically taken up; (comm) firmly held up √rabh 1 a (begin) su + saṃ + ā + √rabh + ta a adj 11
vissuta pp famous; renowned; heard of far and wide √su 4 ṇā (hear) vi + √su + ta a pp 11
huta 2 pp offered √hu 1 a (pour, offer as oblation) √hu + ta a pp 11
sassata adj eternal; everlasting; endless; perpetual; (comm) existing forever sassati + a a adj 11
sukara 1 adj easily done; easy to do √kar 7 o (do, make) su + √kar + a a adj 11
sallato ind as an arrow; as a dagger salla + to 11
hīna 1 pp low; inferior; deficient √hā 3 ya (decrease) √hā > hī + na a pp 11
sukhita pp pleased; delighted; blessed; comforted; happy √sukh 1 a (please, be comfortable) √sukh + ita a pp 11
santuṭṭha 1 pp satisfied; pleased; content; happy with √tus 3 ya (be content, be pleased) saṃ + √tus + ta a pp 11
vimutta 1 pp freed (from); liberated (from); emancipated (from) √muc 2 ṃa (release, free) vi + √muc + ta a pp 11
sandiṭṭhika adj directly visible; evident; real; perceivable; (comm) able to be seen by oneself √dis 1 a (see) saṃ + √dis + ti + ka a adj 11
sukhuma 1 adj fine; subtle; refined a adj 11
hita 3 nt welfare (of); good (of); benefit (of); blessing √dhā 1 a (place, support) √dhā > (da)h + ita a nt 11
seyya 1.1 adj better (than); preferable (to) sirī + *ya a adj 11
vippamutta pp freed (from); released (from); saved (from) √muc 2 ṃa (release, free) vi + pa + √muc + ta a pp 11
viraja adj pure; stainless; untainted √raj 1 a (colour) vi + √raj + a a adj 11
suhuju adj very straight; very upright √uj 1 a (be straight) su + [h] + √uj + u u adj 11
vāta 1 masc wind √vā 1 a (blow, emit odour) √vā + ta a masc 11
saṃvattanika 1 adj leading (to); headed (to); conducive (to); suitable (for) √vatt 1 a (be, proceed) saṃ + √vatt + ana + ika a adj 11
suvisuddha adj well cleansed; perfectly purified; completely pure √sudh 3 ya (be pure) su + vi + √sudh + ta a adj 11
sammata 2 pp authorized; appointed; assigned; designated (by) √man 3 ya (think) saṃ + √man + ta a pp 11
samagga 1 adj unified; united; in concord; harmonious; in agreement saṃ + agga a adj 11
suvaca adj easy to instruct; obedient; compliant √vac 1 a (say, speak) su + √vac + a a adj 11
sambuddha 1 masc Awakened One; Buddha; who is wide awake; who has completely understood √budh 3 ya (know, wake up) saṃ + √budh + ta a masc 11
sukka 1 adj pure; bright √suc 1 a (be pure, be bright) √suc > suk + ra a adj 11
sampajāna 1 adj clearly aware; fully knowing; completely comprehending √ñā 5 nā (know) saṃ + pa + jānā + a a adj 11
visuddha 1 pp cleansed; purified; refined √sudh 3 ya (be pure) vi + √sudh + ta a pp 11
hata 2 pp killed (by); slain (by) √han 1 a (strike, kill) √han + ta a pp 11
vusita 1 pp fulfilled; completed; finished √vas 1 a (live) √vas > vus + ita a pp 11
akata 2 pp not made; not created √kar 7 o (do, make) na > a + √kar + ta a pp 11
sagga 1.1 adj heavenly √sar 1 a (shine) √sar + ga a adj 11
iṭṭha 1.1 pp pleasing; likeable; cherished; wished for √is 1 a (wish for) √is + ta a pp 11
āsevita 1 pp practised persistently √sev 1 a (serve, associate) ā + √sev + ita a pp 11
āraddha 1.1 pp aroused; applied; undertaken √rabh 1 a (begin) ā + √rabh + ta a pp 11
ābādhika adj sick; ill √bādh 1 a (press, oppress) ā + √bādh + a + ika a adj 11
ābādhato ind as disease; as sickness; as illness; as affliction; as oppressive √bādh 1 a (press, oppress) ā + √bādh + a + to 11
āditta pp blazing; burning; on fire √dīp 3 ya (shine, explain) ā + √dīp + ta a pp 11
āgata 3 pp come (from); arrived (from); returned (from) √gam 1 a (go) ā + √gam + ta a pp 11
avinīta pp untrained (in); uneducated (about); undisciplined (in) √nī 1 a (lead, carry) na > a + vi + √nī + ta a pp 11
avañjha adj productive; profitable; successful na > a + vañjha a adj 11
avaṅkata adj not crooked; non-dishonest √vañc 8 *e (be bent, deceive) na > a + √vañc > vaṅk + a + tā + a a adj 11
avakkhitta pp dropped; thrown down √khip 1 a (throw) ava + √khip + ta a pp 11
asoka 1 adj sorrow-free; free from sadness √suc 1 *a (grieve) na > a + √suc > soc > sok + *a a adj 11
asesa adj complete; without remainder √sis 8 *e (remain, distinguish) na > a + √sis > ses + *a a adj 11
asubha 1 adj ugly; disgusting; foul; unattractive √subh 1 *a (shine, adorn) na > a + √subh + a a adj 11
asita 1.2 nt eating √as 1 a (eat) √as + ita a nt 11
asāraddha pp unagitated; unaroused; unexcited; calm √rabh 1 a (be aroused, be violent) na > a + saṃ > sā + √rabh + ta a pp 11
asārato ind as unessential; as insubstantial; as valueless; as essenceless √sar 1 a (go, flow) na > a + √sar > sār + *a + to 11
asāra adj essenceless; substanceless; worthless; useless √sar 1 a (go, flow) na > a + √sar > sār + *a a adj 11
asaṃvāsa 1 adj (vinaya) expelled; excommunicated; unaffiliated; not part of the community √vas 1 a (live) na > a + saṃ + √vas > vās + *a a adj 11
asallīna pp active; not sluggish √lī 3 ya (stick, hide) na > a + saṃ + √lī + na a pp 11
asammuṭṭha pp unmuddled; without confusion; not forgotten √mus 3 ya (lie, forget) na > a + saṃ + √mus + ta a pp 11
asabala adj unspotted; not mottled; not patchy na > a + sabala a adj 11
asaṅkhata pp unconditioned; not created; unformed; unconstructed; epithet of Nibbāna; (comm) not made √kar 7 o (do, make) na > a + saṃ + √kar > khar + ta a pp 11
uggahīta pp grasped; held onto; raised up √gah 6 ṇhā (grasp) ud + √gah + ita a pp 11
aroga adj healthy; free from disease √ruj 1 a (hurt, be painful) na > a + √ruj > rog + *a a adj 11
uju 1 adj straight; upright; erect √uj 1 a (be straight) √uj + u u adj 11
uttari 1.1 adj superior; supreme; better; higher ud + tara + i i adj 11
kevala 1 adj all; whole lot; altogether; total; entire; complete a adj 11
saccato ind as true; truly; really √as 1 a (be) sa + tya + to 11
kupita pp indignant; angry; annoyed; outraged; offended √kup 3 ya (shake, be angry) √kup + ita a pp 11
kāsāya 1 adj organic brown; colour of Buddhist monks' robes kasāya > kāsāya + *a a adj 11
kalyāṇa 1 adj good; favourable; propitious; beneficial; lovely aī adj 11
kammaniya adj ready; workable; suitable for use; functional √kar 7 o (do, make) √kar + ma + aniya a adj 11
kanta 1.1 pp charming (to); pleasant (to); desirable; agreeable (to) √kam 8 *e (desire) √kam + ta a pp 11
kata 1 pp done; did; completed √kar 7 o (do, make) √kar + ta a pp 11
kaṇha 1 adj dark; black a adj 11
oḷārika 2 adj (of food) solid; heavy; substantial √ar 1 a (move, attain) ud > oḷ + √ar > ār + *a + *ika a adj 11
oḷārika 1 adj coarse; gross; substantial; physical; material √ar 1 a (move, attain) ud > oḷ + √ar > ār + *a + *ika a adj 11
ovadita pp advised; instructed; taught; admonished √vad 1 a (say, speak) ava + √vad + ita a pp 11
opanayika adj pragmatic; applicable; relevant √nī 1 a (lead, carry) upa > opa + √nī > nay + *a + *ika a adj 11
onaddha pp enveloped (with); covered (with); wrapped (with) √nadh 2 ṃa (wrap, twist) ava + √nadh + ta a pp 11
odāta 1 pp white √dā 3 ya (be pure, be clean) ava + √dā + ta a pp 11
ekaka 1 adj alone; solitary eka + ka a adj 11
eka 3 adj alone; single; solitary eka adj 11
ussuka adj zealously desiring; ambitious; anxiously striving (for); anxious (about); agitated; stressed ud + su + ka a adj 11
uppanna 1 pp arisen; appeared; come into being (in) √pad 3 ya (go, step) ud + √pad + na a pp 11
upekkhaka adj mental poised; mentally balanced; equanimous; non-reactive; looking on; disregarding √ikkh 1 a (see, mark) upa + ikkha + ā + ka aka adj 11
upahata 1 pp injured; impaired; broken; deteriorated √han 1 a (strike, kill) upa + √han + ta a pp 11
upadduta pp afflicted (by); troubled (by); persecuted (by); oppressed (by); tyrannized (by) √du 1 a (burn, torment) upa + √du + ta a pp 11
upaṭṭhita 1 pp present; in attendance √ṭhā 1 a (stand) upa + √ṭhā + ita a pp 11
uttama 1 adj best; highest; ultimate; supreme; top ud + tama a adj 11
ariya 1 adj noble; distinguished; of an awakened being; of the Buddha a adj 11
abhūta 1 pp not become; not happened √bhū 1 a (be, become) na > a + √bhū + ta a pp 11
abhikkanta 3 pp advanced; progressed; moved on; (comm) ending; depletion √kam 1 a (go) abhi + √kam + ta a pp 11
anatta 1 adj impersonal; not oneself; non-subjective; not suitable to identify with; coreless; essenceless na > an + atta a adj 11
anaṅgaṇa adj spotless; blemish free √añj 1 a (smear, anoint) na > an + √añj > aṅg + aṇa a adj 11
adhigata 1 pp got; acquired; attained; achieved √gam 1 a (go) adhi + √gam + ta a pp 11
addhuva adj not stable; not enduring; not eternal √dhuv 1 a (be firm, be solid) na > a + √dhuv + a a adj 11
adinna 1.1 nt which is not given; something not offered √dā 1 a (give) na > a + √dā > dī + na a nt 11
attaniya adj one's own; belonging to oneself; fit to be a self atta + [n] + iya a adj 11
atīta 2 pp past; gone past; bygone √i 1 a (come, go) ati + √i + ta a pp 11
aṇu 2 adj subtle; fine u adj 11
ajāta 1 pp unborn; uncreated; unproduced √jan 3 ya (be born, produce) na > a + √jan > jā + ta a pp 11
acchidda 1 pp unbroken; flawless; without cracks √chid 2 ṃa (cut, steal) na > a + √chid + ta a pp 11
acchariya 1 adj wonderful; marvellous acchara + iya a adj 11
acira adj (of time) not long; soon; recent na > a + cira a adj 11
acakkhuka adj sightless; visionless √cakkh 1 a (see) na > a + √cakkh + u + ka a adj 11
aghato ind as trouble; as pain; as bad agha + to 11
agilāna 1 adj not sick; healthy √gilā 3 ya (be sick, be tired) na > a + √gilā + ana a adj 11
akhaṇḍa adj unbroken; unfragmented; whole √khaṇḍ 8 *e (break) na > a + √khaṇḍ + a a adj 11
akkhāta pp said; told; declared; announced (by) √khā 1 a (tell, announce) ā + √khā + ta a pp 11
akovida adj unskilled (in); not expert (in); not proficient (in); not a master (of) √vid 1 a (know) na > a + ku > ko + √vid + *a a adj 11
akusala 3 adj unhealthy; unwholesome; unskilful; unbeneficial; kammically unprofitable na > a + kusala a adj 11
akiñcana adj with nothing; is nothing; having no; possession-less; epithet of an arahant na > a + kiñci + ana a adj 11
akālika 2 adj timeless; not limited to a particular time √kal 8 *e (spend time) na > a + √kal > kāl + *a + ika a adj 11
akālika 1 adj immediate; (comm) giving immediate fruit √kal 8 *e (spend time) na > a + √kal > kāl + *a + ika a adj 11
akammāsa adj unblemished; spotless; pure na > a + kammāsa a adj 11
anattato ind as impersonal; as not oneself; as non-subjective na > an + atta + to 11
analasa adj active; energetic; industrious; not lazy √las 1 a (shine, be active) na > a + na + √las + a a adj 11
anavasesa 1 adj all; without exception √sis 8 *e (remain, distinguish) na > an + ava + √sis > ses + *a a adj 11
anāgata 1 pp not come; not arrived; not present √gam 1 a (go) na > an + ā + √gam + ta a pp 11
abyatta pp inexperienced; incompetent; inept; untrained √añj 8 *aya (distinguish) na > a + vi > vy > by + √añj + ta a pp 11
abbhuta 1 adj marvellous; extraordinary; unbelievable; astonishing; epithet of Nibbāna abbhu + ta a adj 11
abbhuggata pp arisen (about); spread (about); circulated (about) √gam 1 a (go) abhi > abhy > abbh + ud + √gam + ta a pp 11
appavārita pp uninvited; not asked; unoffered √var 8 *e (wish, choose) na > a + pa + vāre + ita a pp 11
apariyādinna 1 pp not used up; not exhausted; not consumed; not run out √ādā 3 ya (take, seize) na > a + pari + [y] + √ādā > ādī + na a pp 11
aparimita pp immeasurable; limitless √mā 5 nā (measure) na > a + pari + √mā > mi + ta a pp 11
aparikkamana adj not accessible; not approachable √kam 1 a (go) na > a + pari + √kam + ana a adj 11
aparāmaṭṭha pp not grasped; not clung to; (comm) irreproachable √mas 1 a (touch, rub) na > a + parā + √mas + ta a pp 11
aparājita 1 pp unconquered; undefeated; victorious; triumphant √ji 1 a (conquer) na > a + parā + √ji + ta a pp 11
apara 1 adj another; after; further; next apa + ra a adj 11
apagata 1 pp without; free (from); with no √gam 1 a (go) apa + √gam + ta a pp 11
khata 1.1 pp hurt; injured; damaged √khan 1 a (hurt, break) √khan + ta a pp 11
andha 1.2 adj blind; sightless; visually impaired a adj 11
aneka adj many; various; countless na > an + eka eka adj 11
anuppanna pp unborn; unarisen; not existing; nonexistent √pad 3 ya (go, step) na > an + ud + √pad + na a pp 11
anuttara adj highest (of); unsurpassed (by); incomparable (to); superior (to) na > an + ud + tara a adj 11
anuṭṭhita 1.1 pp practised; established; (comm) repeatedly practised √ṭhā 1 a (stand) anu + √ṭhā + ita a pp 11
anissita 1 pp detached (from); disengaged (from); separated (from); independent (of) √si 1 a (depend on, associate with) na > a + ni + √si + ta a pp 11
animitta 1 pp signless; featureless; free of mental images √mā 5 nā (measure) na > a + ni + √mā > mi + ta a pp 11
aniccato ind as impermanent; as unstable; as transient; as unreliable na > a + nicca + to 11
anicca 1 adj impermanent; inconstant; not lasting; discontinuous; disordered; unstable; unreliable; irregular na > a + ni + tya a adj 11
anāhāra adj without fuel; without nutriment √har 1 a (take, seize) na > an + ā + √har > hār + *a a adj 11
anātura adj healthy; free from suffering √tur 1 a (hurt, be sick) na > an + ā + √tur + a a adj 11
anāgata 2 pp future √gam 1 a (go) na > an + ā + √gam + ta a pp 11
anoka 1 adj homeless; without worldly attachment √uc 3 ya (comfort) na > an + √uc > ok + *a a adj 11
khāyita 2 nt eating; chewing √khād 1 a (chew) √khād > khāy + ita a nt 11
kusala 1 adj healthy; beneficial; useful; good; wholesome; karmically profitable a adj 11
khudda adj small; minute; tiny a adj 11
pārājika 1 adj (vinaya) defeated; deposed; disqualified; expelled √ji 1 a (conquer) parā > pārā + √ji + *aka a adj 11
pāpaka 1.1 adj bad; wicked; evil; wrong; worthless; harmful pāpa + ka aka adj 11
pāpa 1 adj evil; criminal; wrong; bad; vicious aī adj 11
pahīna pp abandoned; dispelled; eliminated; removed; given up √hā 1 a (abandon) pa + √hā > hī + na a pp 11
pavivitta pp separated; secluded; detached (from) √vic 1 a (separate) pa + vi + √vic + ta a pp 11
passaddha pp relaxed; calmed; tranquillised √sambh 1 a (be calm, be confident) pa + √sambh > sabh + ta a pp 11
pasattha pp praised; commended; exalted (by) √saṃs 1 a (proclaim, praise) pa + √saṃs + ta a pp 11
palokato ind as falling apart; as disintegrating √luj 3 ya (be broken apart) pa + √luj > log > lok + *a + to 11
parihārika adj looking after; taking care of √har 1 a (carry) pari + √har > hār + *a + ika a adj 11
parisuddha 1 pp clean; pure; bright; perfect √sudh 3 ya (be pure) pari + √sudh + ta a pp 11
piya 1 adj dear (to); beloved (by); loved (by) √pī 5 nā (love, please) √pī > piy + a a adj 11
pariyodāta 1 pp pure; clean; shiny; bright √dā 3 ya (be pure, be clean) pari + [y] + ava + √dā + ta a pp 11
parinibbuta 3 pp (of an arahant) died one's final death; attained final Nibbāna √vā 1 a (blow, emit odour) pari + nī + √vā > vu > bu + ta a pp 11
paricita 1 pp practised; rehearsed; consolidated; familiarized √ci 5 nā (gather, accumulate) pari + √ci + ta a pp 11
parama 1 adj highest; most extreme; very best; ultimate; superior; sublime para + ma a adj 11
pamatta 1 pp careless; heedless; negligent; inattentive √mad 3 ya (be mad, be intoxicated) pa + √mad + ta a pp 11
pabbajita 2 pp ordained (from); renounced (from) √vaj 1 a (go on) pa + √vaj > baj + ita a pp 11
pabbajita 1 masc monk; monastic; renunciant; renunciate √vaj 1 a (go on) pa + √vaj > baj + ita a masc 11
panta 2 adj secluded; isolated; solitary pa + anta a adj 11
patta 3.1 pp reached; attained; gained; accomplished; found √ap 4 uṇā (reach, attain) pa + √ap + ta a pp 11
paṇīta 2 pp fine; refined; excellent; superior; sublime √nī 1 a (lead, carry) pa + √nī + ta a pp 11
khīṇa 1 pp consumed; spent; finished; exhausted; slowly destroyed √khī 1 a (exhaust, destroy) √khī + na a pp 11
paripūra 1 adj full; filled up; complete √pūr 1 a (fill, fulfil) pari + √pūr + a a adj 11
paṭilābhato ind as personal acquisition; as gain √labh 1 a (get) pati + √labh > lābh + *a + to 11
pīta 1.2 nt drinking; sipping √pā 1 a (drink) √pā > pī + ta a nt 11
pubbaka 1 adj ancient; of old; former pubba + ka a adj 11
saka 1 adj one's own; my own sa + ka a adj 11
laddha 1 pp obtained; gained; won; acquired √labh 1 a (get) √labh > ladh + ta a pp 11
rogato ind as disease; as illness √ruj 1 a (hurt, be painful) √ruj > rog + *a + to 11
yiṭṭha 1 pp given (as a gift); offered √yaj 1 a (honour, sacrifice) √yaj > yij + ta a pp 11
yāvataka adj as much as; as long as; as big as; as far as yāva + tā + ka a adj 11
methuna 1 adj sexual √mith 1 a (pair) √mith > meth + una + *a a adj 11
mudu 1 adj soft; mild √mud 1 a (be soft, be happy) √mud + u u adj 11
mahanta 1 adj big; great; large; grand; vast; extensive √mah 1 a (increase) maha + nta anta adj 11
manāpa 1 adj pleasant; likeable; attractive; agreeable a adj 11
majjhima 1 adj middle; middling; medium; medium-sized; moderate majjha + ima a adj 11
puṭṭha 1.1 pp asked; questioned (about) √pucch 1 a (ask, question) √pucch + ta a pp 11
bhūta 03 nt being; living being; entity √bhū 1 a (be, become) √bhū + ta a nt 11
bhāsita 1 nt saying; speech; statement; utterance; talk; words √bhās 1 a (speak) √bhās + ita a nt 11
bhayato ind as dangerous; as fearful √bhī 1 a (fear) √bhī > bhay + *a + to 11
bhatta 1.1 nt food; boiled rice √bhaj 1 a (divide, distribute) √bhaj + ta a nt 11
byatta pp experienced; learned; competent; trained; (comm) with clear understanding √añj 8 *e (distinguish) vi > vy > by + √añj + ta a pp 11
buddha 1 masc Buddha; Awakened One √budh 3 ya (know, wake up) √budh + ta a masc 11
bāla 1 adj foolish; ignorant; stupid; immature a adj 11
bahu adj many; much; lots (of); a lot (of); great; large √bah 1 a (increase) √bah + u u adj 11
phuṭṭha 2 pp afflicted (with); suffering (from) √phus 1 a (touch) √phus + ta a pp 11
pesala adj well-behaved; good; honest a adj 11
purima 1 adj earlier; past; former; previous pura + ima a adj 11
bhujissa 1 adj cleansing; freeing; liberating a adj 11
pacchato 2 ind behind; backwards pacchā + to 11
paṭisaṃyutta pp connected (to); concerned (with); related (to) √yuj 2 ṃa (yoke, join) pati + saṃ + √yuj + ta a pp 11
nava 1.1 adj new; fresh a adj 11
dinna 1 pp given (to); offered (to) √dā 1 a (give) √dā > dī + na a pp 11
chaḍḍita pp thrown away; discarded; abandoned; disposed of √chaḍḍ 8 *e (discard, abandon) √chaḍḍ + ita a pp 11
dakkhiṇa 1 adj right (hand side) √dakkh 1 a (be able, please) √dakkh + iṇa a adj 11
dakkha adj expert; skilled; able; adroit √dakkh 1 a (be able, please) √dakkh + a a adj 11
thūla 2 adj gross; coarse √thūl 8 *e (be fat, be coarse) √thūl + a a adj 11
thāvara 1 adj stationary; stable; immobile; arahant; (comm) without craving √ṭhā 1 a (stand) √ṭhā + [v] + ara a adj 11
cira adj (of time) long a adj 11
dibba adj divine; heavenly; celestial √div 3 ya (shine) √div > dib + ya a adj 11
tasa adj moving; mobile; (comm) with craving √tas 1 a (tremble, fear) √tas + a a adj 11
ṭhita 3 pp remained; stayed; was √ṭhā 1 a (stand) √ṭhā + ita a pp 11
ṭhita 2 pp stationary; stable; stabilised; motionless; immovable √ṭhā 1 a (stand) √ṭhā + ita a pp 11
cuta 1.1 pp passed away; died √cu 1 a (shift, fall away, die) √cu + ta a pp 11
jeṭṭha 1 adj first; elder; eldest; foremost a adj 11
jīvita 1 nt life; existence √jīv 1 a (live) √jīv + ita a nt 11
jina 1 masc conqueror; victor; champion; epithet of the Buddha √ji 5 nā (conquer) √ji + na a masc 11
jāgara adj awake; alert; lucid √jāgar 1 a (be awake, be watchful) √jāgar + a a adj 11
pacālaka 1 adj swinging; swaying; shaking; nodding √cal 1 a (shake, tremble) pa + √cal > cāl + *aka a adj 11
dukkha 2 adj painful √dukkh 1 a (be painful) √dukkh + a a adj 11
diṭṭha 1.1 pp seen; found; visible √dis 1 a (see) √dis + ta a pp 11
dukkhita 1 pp afflicted (with); suffering (from) √dukkh 1 a (be painful) √dukkh + ita a pp 11
garu 3 adj respected; esteemed √gar 1 a (esteem, be heavy) √gar + u u adj 11
dukkhato 2 ind as suffering; as pain; as discomfort √dukkh 1 a (be painful) √dukkh + a + to 11
dhūta 1 nt ascetic practice √dhū 5 nā (shake, smoke) √dhū + ta a nt 11
dhuva 1 adj stable; enduring; permanent; eternal; everlasting; epithet of Nibbāna √dhuv 1 a (be firm, be solid) √dhuv + a a adj 11
dhammika 2 adj righteous; just; moral √dhar 1 a (hold, carry, endure) √dhar + ma + ika a adj 11
nicca 1 adj permanent; lasting; ordered; stable; reliable; immutable ni + tya a adj 11
khema 1 adj well; safe; secure; at peace; at rest √khi 1 a (live, abide peacefully) √khi > khe + *ma a adj 11
dūrato ind from far away; from afar √dū 1 a (go, run) √dū + ra + to 11
nisinna 1 pp seated (in) √sad 1 a (sink, sit, settle) ni + sīda + na a pp 11
duṭṭhulla 2 adj (of speech) rude; obscene; vulgar; coarse √thūl 8 *e (be fat, be coarse) dur + √thūl > thull + a a adj 11
dūrama adj difficult to delight (in); hard to enjoy √ram 1 a (delight, please) dur > dū + √ram + a a adj 11
gaṇḍato ind as a boil; as an abscess gaṇḍa + to 11
chaṭṭha ordin sixth (6th) cha + ṭṭha aī ordin 12
sata 2.1 card one hundred (100) a2 card 12
aṭṭha 1.1 card eight (8) a1 card 12
cha 2.1 card six (6) a1 card 12
satta 1.1 card seven (7) a1 card 12
catuttha 1 ordin fourth (4th) catu + ttha aī ordin 12
cattālīsā card forty (40) catu + dasa + *ā ā card 12
cattārīsā card forty (40) catu + dasa + *ā ā card 12
caturāsīti card eighty-four (84) catu + [r] + asīti i card 12
sattama 1.1 ordin seventh (7th) satta + ma a ordin east 12
catu card four (4) catu card 12
aṭṭhama 1 ordin eighth (8th) aṭṭha + ma aī ordin 12
sahassa 1 card one thousand (1000) a2 card 12
aṭṭhārasa 1 card eighteen (18) aṭṭha > aṭṭhā + dasa + *a a1 card 12
pañca card five (5) a1 card 12
pañcama ordin fifth (5th) pañca + ma aī ordin 12
paññāsā card fifty (50) pañca + dasa + ā ā card 12
navama ordin ninth (9th) nava + ma aī ordin 12
paṭhama 1 ordin first (1st); prime pa + tama > ṭhama a ordin 12
nava 2.1 card nine (9) a1 card 12
dvādasa 1 card twelve (12) dvi > dva > dvā + dasa + *a a1 card 12
aṭṭhasata card one hundred and eight (108) aṭṭha + sata a2 card 12
dutiya 1 ordin second (2nd) dvi > du + tiya a ordin 12
dasa 1.1 card ten (10) a1 card 12
vīsati card twenty (20) dvi + dasa + ti i card 12
ti 1 card three (3) ti card 12
eka 1 card one (1) eka card 12
soḷasa 1 card sixteen (16) cha > soḷ + dasa a1 card 12
ekādasa 1 card eleven (11) eka > ekā + dasa + *a a1 card 12
chattiṃsā card thirty-six (36) chaḷ + tiṃsā ā card 12
dasama 1 ordin tenth (10th) dasa + ma aī ordin 12
tatiya 1.1 ordin third (3rd) ti > ta + tiya a ordin 12