Reflections¶
Ten Subjects for Frequent Recollection by One Who Has Gone Forth
Dasadhammā pabbajita-abhiṇha-paccavekkhaṇā
[AN 10.48]
dasa ime bhikkhave dhammā pabbajitena abhiṇhaṃ paccavekkhitabbā. katame dasa?
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| dasa | adj | masc.nom.pl | ten |
| ime | pron | masc.nom.pl | these |
| bhikkhave | noun | masc.voc.pl | o monks! |
| dhammā | noun | masc.nom.pl | truths, realities, principles, laws |
| pabbajitena | noun | masc.ins.sg | by monk, a one who has gone forth |
| abhiṇhaṃ | ind | adv | often; repeatedly |
| paccavekkhitabbaṃ | ptp | masc.acc.sg | should be reflected; contemplated |
| katame | pron | masc.nom.pl | what? which (of the many)? |
| dasa? | adj | masc.nom.pl | ten |
o monks, these are ten principles should often be reflected by a one who has gone forth. which ten?
vevaṇṇiy-amhi ajjhupagato'ti, pabbajitena abhiṇhaṃ paccavekkhitabbaṃ
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| vevaṇṇiya- | adj | state of having no caste, who change | appearance, social order; lit. discoloured |
| amhi | verb | pr.1.sg | I am |
| ajjhūpagato' ti | pp | masc.nom.sg | arrived, reached |
I have reached a state of castelessness.
para-paṭibaddhā me jīvikā'ti, pabbajitena abhiṇhaṃ paccavekkhitabbaṃ.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| para- | adj | other, another | |
| paṭibaddhā | adj | fem.nom.sg | dependent on, connected to, tied up with supported by |
| me | pron | 1.gen.sg | my |
| jīvikā'ti | noun | fem.nom.sg | livelihood, way of life |
my way of life is dependent on others
añño me ākappo karaṇīyo'ti, pabbajitena abhiṇhaṃ paccavekkhitabbaṃ.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| añño | adj | masc.nom.sg | another, other, different |
| me | pron | 1.gen.sg | my |
| ākappo | noun | masc.nom.sg | deportment, behavior |
| karaṇīyo'ti | ptp | masc.nom.sg | ought to be done, should be made |
My behavior should be (done) differently
kacci nu kho me attā sīlato na upavadatī'ti, pabbajitena abhiṇhaṃ paccavekkhitabbaṃ.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| kacci | ind | I hope, I trust, I doubt, I suspect, I wonder | |
| nu kho | ind | does? is? would? | |
| me | pron | 1.acc.sg | me |
| attā | noun | masc.nom.sg | self, myself |
| sīlato | noun | masc.abl.sg | from (with regard to) moral practice, virtue |
| na | ind | not | |
| upavadatī'ti, | verb | pr.3.pl | blames, insults, criticizes, finds fault (with) |
I wonder, does the self not criticize me with regard to virtue?
kacci nu kho maṃ anuvicca viññū sabrahmacārī sīlato na upavadantī'ti
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| kacci | ind | I hope, I trust, I doubt, I suspect, I wonder | |
| nu kho | ind | does? is? would? | |
| maṃ | pron | 1.acc.sg | me |
| anuvicca | verb | ger | investigating, finding out, learning about knowing about |
| viññū | adj | masc.nom.pl | wise |
| sabrahmacārī | noun | masc.nom.pl | fellow monks |
| sīlato | noun | masc.abl.sg | from (with regard to) moral practice, virtue |
| na | ind | not | |
| upavadantī'ti | verb | pr.3.pl | blame, insult, criticize, find fault (with) |
I wonder, do wise fellow monks not criticize me, investigating with regard to virtue?
sabbehi me piyehi manāpehi nānābhāvo vinābhāvo' ti
there is separation and parting from all that dear and pleasing to me.
kamma-s'sako'mhi kamma-dāyādo kamma-yoni kamma-bandhu kamma-paṭisaraṇo.
yaṃ kammaṃ karissāmi - kalyāṇaṃ vā pāpakaṃ vā - tassa dāyādo bhavissāmī'ti
I am possessing of actions, inheriting of actions, born from actions, bound by actions, protected by actions, whatever action I will do - good or bad - of that I will be the heir.
kathaṃ-bhūtassa me rattin'divā vītivattantī'ti;
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| kathaṃbhūtassa | adj | masc.gen.sg | of how? of what kind? what way? lit. how become? |
| me | pron | 1.gen.sg | my |
| rattin'divā | noun | masc.nom.pl | nights and days |
| vītivattantī'ti; | verb | pr.3.pl | they spend, pass |
How my days and nights pass?
kacci nu kho'haṃ suññ'āgāre abhiramāmī'ti,
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| kacci | ind | I hope, I trust, I doubt, I suspect, I wonder | |
| nu kho | ind | does? is? would? | |
| ahaṃ | pron | 1.nom.sg | I |
| suñña- | adj | empty, uninhabited | |
| āgāre | noun | masc.loc.sg | in dwelling |
| abhiramāmi iti | verb | pr.1.sg | I enjoy; find pleasure in |
I wonder, do I delight in an empty dwelling?
atthi nu kho me uttari-manussa-dhammā alam'ariya-ñāṇa-dassana-viseso adhigato, so'haṃ pacchime kāle sabrahmacārīhi puṭṭho na maṅku bhavissāmī'ti,
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| atthi | verb | pr.3.sg | there is |
| nu kho | ind | does? is? would? | |
| me | pron | 1.instr.sg | by me |
| uttari- | over; beyond; further; moreover; additional | ||
| manussa- | noun | human being | |
| dhammā | noun | masc.nom.pl | mental states |
| alaṃ' | ind | suitable | |
| ariya- | noun | noble | |
| ñāṇa-dassana- | noun | knowledge & vision | |
| viseso | noun | masc.nom.sg | attainment |
| adhigato | pp | masc.nom.sg | attained; obtained; understood |
| so- | pron | masc.nom.sg | that |
| ahaṃ | pron | 1.nom.sg | I |
| pacchime | adj | masc.loc.sg | in latest, hindmost |
| kāle | noun | masc.loc.sg | in time |
| sabrahmacārīhi | noun | masc.ins.pl | by a fellow monks |
| puṭṭho | pp | masc.nom.sg | asked, questioned |
| na | ind | not | |
| maṅku | adj | masc.nom.sg | confused; downcast; in low spirits, abashed |
| bhavissāmī'ti, | verb | fut.1.sg | I will be |
Is there (any) superior human states, attainment of knowledge & vision, suitable for a noble one, obtained by me? That in the last days, questioned by fellow monks, I will not be abashed.
ime kho bhikkhave dasa dhammā pabbajitena abhiṇhaṃ paccavekkhitabbā' ti
o monks, these is ten principles should often be reflected by a one who has gone forth.