Some idioms and difficult passages¶
Content
Class 51¶
- AN 6.57 chaḷabhijātisuttaṃ
seyyathā'pi, ānanda, puriso daliddo assako anāḷhiko, tassa akāmakassa bilaṃ olaggeyyuṃ, idaṃ te, ambho purisa, maṃsañ'ca khāditabbaṃ, mūlañ'ca anuppadātabban'ti.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| seyyathā'pi, | ind | just like, as if, imagine if | |
| ānanda, | noun | masc.voc.sg | o Ānanda |
| puriso | noun | masc.nom.sg | man, person |
| daliddo | adj | masc.nom.sg | poor, needy, impoverished |
| assako | adj | masc.nom.sg | who has nothing, destitute, possession-less, lit. without one's own things |
| anāḷhiko, | adj | masc.nom.sg | poor, impoverished, not rich |
| tassa | pron | masc.dat.sg | for him |
| akāmakassa | adj | masc.dat.sg | for unwilling, reluctant |
| bilaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | (of meat) piece, portion |
| olaggeyyuṃ, | verb | opt.3.pl | they could force (onto), pressure (onto), apportion, lit. stick down |
| idaṃ | pron | nt.nom.sg | this |
| te | pron | masc.ins.sg | by you |
| ambho | ind | hey! yo! look here! | |
| purisa, | noun | masc.voc.sg | man, person |
| maṃsañ'ca | noun | nt.nom.sg | meat, flesh |
| khāditabbaṃ, | ptp | masc.nom.sg | should be eaten, consumable |
| mūlañ'ca | noun | nt.nom.sg | and money, cash, moola |
| anuppadātabban'ti. | ptp | nt.nom.sg | (of money) should be handed over, should be paid for, should be coughed up |
Ānanda, imagine a poor, impoverished man, who has nothing. They could force a piece of meat on unwilling men, saying: “Hey man! This meat should be eaten by you, and the money should be paid!”
- MN 140 dhātuvibhaṅgasuttaṃ
accayo maṃ, bhante, accagamā yathābālaṃ yathāmūḷhaṃ yathāakusalaṃ, yo'haṃ bhagavantaṃ āvusovādena samudācaritabbaṃ amaññissaṃ.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| accayo | noun | masc.nom.sg | fault, offence, transgression, lit. go too far |
| maṃ, | pron | masc.acc.sg | me |
| bhante, | noun | masc.voc.sg | sir, lord, reverend |
| accagamā | verb | imperf.3.sg | it had overcome, it had surpassed, it had got past |
| yathābālaṃ | ind | so foolishly, so stupidly | |
| yathāmūḷhaṃ | ind | so misguidedly, so stupidly, so foolishly | |
| yathāakusalaṃ, | ind | so unskilfully, so wrongly | |
| yo-ahaṃ | pron | masc.nom.sg | which I, that I |
| bhagavantaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | Blessed One, Exalted One. |
| āvusovādena | noun | masc.ins.sg | with the word “friend” |
| samudācaritabbaṃ | ptp | masc.acc.sg | could be spoken to (as), could be addressed (as) |
| amaññissaṃ. | verb | aor.1.sg | I thought, I imagined, I presumed, I supposed |
O Lord! The fault had overcome me, so foolishly, so stupidly, so unskilfully. That I thought that the Blessed One could be spoken to with the word “friend”.
3 SN 11.24 accayasuttaṃ
tena kho pana samayena dve bhikkhū sampayojesuṃ, tatr'eko bhikkhu accasarā, atha kho so bhikkhu tassa bhikkhuno santike accayaṃ accayato deseti, so bhikkhu nappaṭiggaṇhāti.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| tena kho pana samayena | idiom | now at that time, now on that occasion | |
| dve | adj | -.nom.pl | two |
| bhikkhū | noun | masc.nom.pl | monks |
| sampayojesuṃ, | verb | aor.3.pl | quarrelled, litigated, had an altercation |
| tatra- | ind | there, in that case, in that regard, in this matter | |
| eko | adj | masc.nom.sg | one |
| bhikkhu | noun | masc.nom.sg | monk |
| accasarā, | verb | imperf.3.sg | had given offence, had transgressed, had overstepped, lit. had gone to far |
| atha kho | idiom | then, and then, after that | |
| so | pron | masc.nom.sg | that |
| bhikkhu | noun | masc.nom.sg | monk |
| tassa | pron | masc.gen.sg | of that |
| bhikkhuno | noun | masc.gen.sg | of monk |
| santike | ind | to, in the presence (of), near (to), nearby, close (to) | |
| accayaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | fault, offence, transgression, lit. go too far |
| accayato | noun | masc.abl.sg | as fault, offence, transgression |
| deseti, | verb | pr.3.sg | (vinaya) confesses, admits |
| so | pron | masc.nom.sg | that |
| bhikkhu | noun | masc.nom.sg | monk |
| nappaṭiggaṇhāti. | verb | pr.3.sg | does not accept (an apology) |
Now at that time two monks have an altercation. In that case one monk had given offence. Then that monk admited the offence as an offence in the presence of that monk. But he does not accept an apology.
4 DN 27.3 aggaññasuttaṃ
tesaṃ rasapathaviṃ aṅguliyā sāyataṃ acchādesi, taṇhā ca tesaṃ okkami.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| tesaṃ | pron | masc. gen.pl | when they |
| rasapathaviṃ | noun | fem.acc.sg | essense of the earth |
| aṅguliyā | noun | fem.ins. | with finger |
| sāyataṃ | prp | masc.gen.pl | when tasting, savouring |
| acchādesi, | verb | aor.3.sg | pleased, gave pleasure (to the palate) |
| taṇhā | noun | fem.nom.sg | craving, wanting, desire |
| ca | ind | and | |
| tesaṃ | pron | masc.dat.sg | for them |
| okkami. | verb | aor.3.sg | occurred, happened developed, befallen |
When they tasting essense of the earth by the fingers, it gave pleasure (to them). The craving occurred for them.
5 MN 52 aṭṭhaka nāgarasuttaṃ
ekam’ekañ'ca bhikkhuṃ paccekaṃ dussayugena acchādesi
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| ekam’ekañ'ca | adj | masc.acc.sg | each and every, one by one |
| bhikkhuṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | monk |
| paccekaṃ | ind | individually, separately, one by one | |
| dussayugena | noun | nt.ins.sg | with suit of clothes, pair of garments |
| acchādesi | verb | aor.3.sg | dressed, clothed |
He clothed individually each and every monks with pairs of clothes.
- MN 36 mahāsaccakasuttaṃ
ahañ'c'eva kho pana sabbaso ajaddhukaṃ paṭijāneyyaṃ, imā ca me devatā dibbaṃ ojaṃ lomakūpehi ajjhohāreyyuṃ, tāya c'āhaṃ yāpeyyaṃ, taṃ mam'assa musā'ti.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| ahañ'c'eva | pn+ind+ind | if I just, if I only | |
| kho pana | ind | and now, but, and next (indeed) | |
| sabbaso | ind | in every way, completely, altogether | |
| ajaddhukaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | fasting, not eating, abstinence from food |
| paṭijāneyyaṃ, | verb | opt.1.sg | I would claim, acknowledges, admits, assents |
| imā | pron | fem.nom.pl | these |
| ca | ind | and | |
| me | pron | masc.dat.sg | to me |
| devatā | noun | fem.nom.pl | deities, gods |
| dibbaṃ | adj | fem.acc.sg | divine, heavenly, celestial |
| ojaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | nutrient, essence |
| lomakūpehi | noun | masc.ins.pl | with hair follicle, lit. hair hole |
| ajjhohāreyyuṃ | verb | opt.3.pl | they would instil, suffuse, lit. cause to feed |
| tāya | pron | fem.ins.sg | with that |
c'āhaṃ pron 1.nom.sg and I
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| yāpeyyaṃ, | verb | opt.1.sg | I would sustain oneself, nourishe oneself, continue to live, lit. cause to go |
| taṃ | pron | masc.acc.sg | that |
mama- pron 1.dat.sg for me
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| assa | verb | opt.3.sg | it could be |
| musā'ti. | ind | lie, falsely, untruthfully |
If only I would claim complete fasting, and these deities would instil nutrient to me by hair follicle, and if I would sustain oneself by that – that would be lie for me.
- AN 8.54 dīghajāṇusuttaṃ
sace pan’āyaṃ kulaputto mah’āyo samāno kasiraṃ jīvikaṃ kappeti, tassa bhavanti vattāro —
ajaddhumārikaṃ v'āyaṃ kulaputto marissatī'ti
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| sace | ind | if | |
| pan’āyaṃ | pron | masc.nom.sg | and this, but this |
| kulaputto | noun | masc.nom.sg | son of a good family, respectable young man |
| mah’āyo | adj | masc.nom.sg | with large income |
| samāno | prp | masc.nom.sg | being, having, existing |
| kasiraṃ | adj | fem.acc.sg | difficult, miserable, tough, austere |
| jīvikaṃ | noun | fem.acc.sg | livelihood, way of life |
| kappeti, | verb | pr.3.sg | prepares, arranges, makes |
| tassa | pron | masc.gen.sg | of him |
| bhavanti | verb | pr.3.pl | there are, are being, they become |
| vattāro | noun | masc.nom.pl | who say, who speak, who comment |
| ajaddhumārikaṃ | noun | fem.acc.sg | starvation, death from fasting acc. as adv. of manner. SCPN §52 |
| va- | ind | like, as | |
| ayaṃ | pron | masc.nom.sg | this |
| kulaputto | noun | masc.nom.sg | son of a good family, respectable young man |
| marissatī'ti | verb | fut.3.sg | will die |
But if this son of a good family having large income and makes austere way of life, others would say of him: “This son of a good family will die of starvation.”
- VIN 5.1.1 tajjanīya kammaṃ
mā kho tumhe, āyasmanto, eso ajesi.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| mā | ind | don’t, let not | |
| kho | ind | indeed |
tumhe, pron 2.acc.pl you all
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| āyasmanto, | noun | masc.voc.pl | venerables |
| eso | pron | masc.nom.sg | he, this |
| ajesi. | verb | aor.3.sg | conquered, defeated |
Do not let him defeat you, venerables!
- SN 47.6 sakuṇagghisuttaṃ
bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, sakuṇagghi lāpaṃ sakuṇaṃ sahasā ajjhappattā aggahesi.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| bhūtapubbaṃ, | ind | formerly, in the past, once upon a time | |
| bhikkhave, | noun | masc.voc.pl | o monks |
| sakuṇagghi | noun | fem.nom.sg | hawk , kind of hawk |
| lāpaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | quail, partridge |
| sakuṇaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | bird |
| sahasā | ind | forcibly, quickly, suddenly, all of a sudden | |
| ajjhappattā | pp | fem.nom.sg | fell on, attacked, pounced on, swooped upon |
| aggahesi. | verb | aor.3.sg | seized, caught, arrested, grabbed hold (of) |
monks! in the past hawk suddenly having attacked the quail, then he seized it.
- JA 532 soṇananda jātakaṃ
ajjhāvar’āmhā nandassa, bhoto santikam'āgatā
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| ajjhāvarā- | noun | envoy, representative, associate, member of the | retinue |
| amhā | verb | pr.1.pl | we are |
| nandassa, | noun | masc.gen.sg | of Nanda |
| bhoto | noun | masc.gen.sg | of sir, of master, of you |
| santikaṃ- | ind | into the presence (of), towards, near (to), close (to) | |
| āgatā | pp | masc.nom.pl | come, arrived, come back |
We, who are representatives of Nanda, have come to the presence of you.
- VIN 2.5.9.7 nisīdana sikkhāpadaṃ
kissa tvaṃ, udāyi, nisīdanaṃ samantato samañchasi, seyyathā'pi purāṇāsikoṭṭho'ti?
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| kissa | ind | why? |
tvaṃ, pron 2.nom.sg you
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| udāyi, | noun | masc.voc.sg | Udāyi |
| nisīdanaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | sitting cloth, sitting mat |
| samantato | ind | all around, on all sides, everywhere | |
| samañchasi, | verb | pr.2.sg | you stretche out, pull out, drag out |
| seyyathā'pi | ind | just like, as if | |
| purāṇa-asi-koṭṭho'ti | noun | masc.nom.sg | worker in old leather; shoemaker |
Why you, Udāyi, stretche out sitting cloth on all sides, just like a worker on old skin?
- AN 8.14 assakhaḷuṅkasuttaṃ
so bhikkhu bhikkhūhi āpattiyā codiyamāno aññen'āññaṃ paṭicarati, bahiddhā kathaṃ apanāmeti
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| so | pron | masc.nom.sg | he, that |
| bhikkhu | noun | masc.nom.sg | monk |
| bhikkhūhi | noun | masc.ins.pl | by monks |
| āpattiyā | noun | fem.ins.sg | with offence, wrongdoing, transgression |
| codiyamāno | prp | masc.nom.sg | being accused (by), being charged (by), being blamed (by) |
| aññen'āññaṃ | pron | one (thing) with another | |
| paṭicarati | verb | pr.3.sg | evades, dodges, avoids, lit. walks back |
bahiddhā #indexternally, outwardly
kathaṃ nf.ac.#stalk, speech, conversation
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| apanāmeti | verb | pr.3.sg | diverts, sidetracks, lit. causes to bend away |
Monk, being accused with offence by monks, evades one (thing) with another and divert conversation externally.
- VIN 5.2.6
atha kho chabbaggiyā bhikkhū there bhikkhū anupakhajja seyyaṃ kappenti.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| atha kho | idiom | and then | |
| chabbaggiyā | adj | masc.nom.pl | belonging to group of six |
| bhikkhū | noun | masc.nom.pl | monks |
| there | adj | masc.acc.pl | old, elderly, senior |
| bhikkhū | noun | masc.acc.pl | monks |
| anupakhajja | verb | ger | sneaking in, encroaching, weaselling in |
| seyyaṃ kappenti. | idiom | pr.3.pl | they make their bed, lie down to sleep, sleep |
And then monks, belonging to group of six, sneaking lie down near senior monks.
- AN 5.159 udāyīsuttaṃ
attānañ'ca parañ'ca anupahacca kathaṃ kathessāmī'ti paresaṃ dhammo desetabbo.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| attānañ'ca | noun | masc.acc.sg | and self, himself, oneself |
| parañ'ca | pron | masc.acc.sg | and other, another (person) |
| anupahacca | verb | ger | not injuring, not hurting, not wounding |
| kathaṃ | noun | fem.acc.sg | talk, speech, conversation |
| kathessāmī'ti | verb | fut.3.sg | will speak, tell, relate |
| paresaṃ | pron | masc.dat.pl | to others, for others |
| dhammo | noun | masc.nom.sg | Teaching |
| desetabbo. | ptp | masc.nom.sg | should be preached, should be taught, should be explained |
Not hurting himself and others, he will speak. Teaching should be explained to others.
- MN 56 upālisuttaṃ
anuviccakāro tumh’ādisānaṃ ñāta-manussānaṃ sādhu hotī”ti.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| anuviccakāro | noun | masc.nom.sg | considered action; action undertaken after investigation |
| tumh’ādisānaṃ | adj | masc.dat.pl | like you, of your quality |
| ñāta- | pp | known, understood | |
| manussānaṃ | noun | masc.dat.pl | for men |
| sādhu | ind | is good, is proper | |
| hotī”ti. | verb | pr.3.sg | is |
Considered action is good for such well-known person like you.
- SN 16.3 candūpama sutta
seyyathā’pi, bhikkhave, puriso jar’udapānaṃ vā olokeyya pabbatavisamaṃ vā nadīviduggaṃ vā — apakass’eva kāyaṃ, apakassa cittaṃ;
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| seyyathāpi, | ind | just like, as if, imagine if | |
| puriso | noun | masc.nom.sg | man, person |
| jar’udapānaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | an old well, an abandoned well. |
| vā | ind | or | |
| olokeyya | verb | opt.3.sg | could look down (at), would gaze down (at) |
| pabbatavisamaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | precipice, dangerous rock; lit: uneven mountains |
| vā | ind | or | |
| nadīviduggaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | difficult riverbank, steep riverbank; lit. river very hard to go |
| vā | ind | or | |
| apakassa- | verb | ger | drawing away; removing; drawing back. |
| eva | ind | just, even | |
| kāyaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | body, physical body, physical process |
| apakassa | verb | ger | drawing away; removing; drawing back. |
| cittaṃ; | noun | nt.acc.sg | mind, heart |
Just like a man could look down at old well or precipice or steep riverbank, he drawing back the body and mind.
- MN 48 kosambiyasutta
seyyathā’pi, bhikkhave, gāvī taruṇavacchā thambañ’ca ālumpati vacchakañ’ca apacinati. evam’eva kho, bhikkhave, dhammatā esā diṭṭhisampannassa puggalassa
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| seyyathā’pi, | ind | just like, as if, imagine if | |
| gāvī | noun | fem.nom.sg | cow |
| taruṇa-vacchā | adj | fem.nom.sg | with a young calf |
| thambañ’ca | noun | masc.acc.sg | and tuft or clump of grass |
| ālumpati | verb | pr.3.sg | tears out; pulls out, takes lump by lump |
| vacchakañ’ca | noun | masc.acc.sg | and calf, yearling, young animal |
| apacinati | verb | pr.3.sg | pays attention to, honours, observes, guards |
| evam’eva kho | idiom | similarly, in the same way, so too | |
| dhammatā | noun | fem.nom.sg | nature, character, characteristic, attribute |
| esā | pron | fem.nom.sg | this |
| diṭṭhisampannassa | adj | masc.gen.sg | of possessing right view. |
| puggalassa | noun | masc.gen.sg | of person, individual |
Just like cow with a young calf, (while) takes lump by lump clump of grass, she pays attention to a little calf. So too this character of person possessing right view.
- DN 9.6 poṭṭhapādasuttaṃ
nanu evaṃ sante tesaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ appāṭihīrakataṃ bhāsitaṃ sampajjatī'ti?
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| nanu | ind | surely? wouldn’t? is it true? wasn’t? | |
| evaṃ | ind | thus | |
| sante | prp | masc.loc.sg | when being, existing |
| tesaṃ | pron | masc.gen.pl | of those |
| samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ | noun | masc.gen.pl | of ascetics and priests, monks and priests |
| appāṭihīrakataṃ | noun | masc.nom.sg | groundless, unfounded, unsound, worthless |
| bhāsitaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | saying, speech, statement, utterance, talk, words |
| sampajjatī'ti? | verb | pr.3.sg | happens to be, turns out to be |
Wouldn’t it being so, the talk of those ascetics and priests happens to be worthless?
- VIN 4.8.202 jīvakavatthu
atha kho sālavatī gaṇikā nacirass’eva padakkhiṇā ahosi nacce ca gīte ca vādite ca, abhisaṭā atthikānaṃ atthikānaṃ manussānaṃ paṭisatena ca rattiṃ gacchati.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| atha kho | ind | and then | |
| sālavatī | noun | fem.nom.sg | Sālavati |
| gaṇikā | noun | fem.nom.sg | courtesan, high class prostitute, lit. belonging to the crowd |
| nacirassa- | ind | not after a long time, after a short time, soon | |
| eva | ind | only | |
| padakkhiṇā | noun | fem.nom.sg | (prominent) with the right,” i.e. skilful, clever quick in learning |
| ahosi | verb | aor.3.sg | was, existed, became |
| nacce | noun | nt.loc.sg | in dancing, acting |
| ca | ind | and | |
| gīte | noun | nt.loc.sg | in singing, lit. sung |
| ca | ind | and | |
| vādite | noun | nt.loc.sg | in playing instrumental music, lit. caused to be spoken |
| ca, | ind | and | |
| abhisaṭā | pp | fem.nom.sg | visited; approached. |
| atthikānaṃ | adj | masc.gen.pl | of wanting, needing, desiring, seeking |
| atthikānaṃ | adj | masc.gen.pl | of wanting, needing, desiring, seeking |
| manussānaṃ | noun | masc.gen.pl | of men |
| paṭisatena | ind | by the (fee of a) hundred | |
| ca | ind | and | |
| rattiṃ | ind | at night, by night | |
| gacchati. | verb | pr.3.sg | goes, walks, moves, wanders around |
And the courtesan Sālavati soon became skillful in dancing, singing and playing instrumental music, she was visited by many desiring men, and she goes for a night by the fee of a hundred.
- VIN 1.1.3. tatiyapārājikaṃ, vinītavatthu
dutiyo musalo paripatitvā aññatarassa dārakassa matthake avatthāsi. so kālamakāsi.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| dutiyo | adj | masc.nom.sg | second |
| musalo | noun | masc.nom.sg | pestle |
| paripatitvā | verb | abs | having fell down |
| aññatarassa | adj | masc.gen.sg | of a certain, a |
| dārakassa | noun | masc.gen.sg | of boy, young boy |
| matthake | noun | masc.loc.sg | at the head |
| avatthāsi. | verb | aor.3.sg | landed, placed, fell down on |
| so | pron | masc.nom.sg | he |
| kālamakāsi. | verb | aor.3.sg | died |
Second pestle fell down and landed on the head of a sertain boy. He died.
Class 52¶
- DN 26.9 cakkavattisutta, saṅkharājauppatti
asīti-vassa-sahass’āyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu ayaṃ jambudīpo avīci maññe phuṭo bhavissati manussehi, seyyathā’pi naḷavanaṃ vā saravanaṃ vā.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| asīti- | adj | eighty (80) | |
| vassa- | noun | year, season | |
| sahassa- | adj | thousand (1000) | |
| āyukesu, | adj | masc.loc.pl | when (long or short) lived, of age, with lifespan of |
| manussesu | noun | masc.loc.pl | when people |
| ayaṃ | pron | masc.nom.sg | this |
| jambudīpo | noun | masc.nom.sg | India, lit. rose-apple land |
| avīci | noun | fem.nom.sg | one of the great hells, lit: (full) without the interval or uninterrupted (state of suffering) |
| maññe | ind | methinks, one might say, as it were | |
| phuṭo | pp | masc.nom.sg | pervaded (with), suffused (with), filled (with) |
| bhavissati | verb | fut.3.sg | will be |
| manussehi, | noun | masc.ins.pl | with people |
DNa : avīci maññe phuṭo bhavissatī ’ti avīci-mahānirayo viya nirantara-pūrito bhavissati.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| seyyathā’pi | ind | just like, as if, imagine if | |
| naḷavanaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | forest of reeds |
| vā | ind | or | |
| saravanaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | thicket of reeds |
| vā. | ind | or |
When people having a lifespan of eighty thousand years, this India will be filled with people, as it were Hell (without intervals), just like forest of reeds or thicket of reeds
- AN 6.45 iṇasutta
yam’pi, bhikkhave, daliddo assako anāḷhiko iṇaṃ ādiyitvā vaḍḍhiṃ paṭissuṇāti, vaḍḍhi’pi, bhikkhave, dukkhā lokasmiṃ kāmabhogino”ti?
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| yaṃ-api, | pron | nt.nom.sg | if whatever |
| daliddo | adj | masc.nom.sg | poor, needy, impoverished |
| assako | adj | masc.nom.sg | who has nothing, destitute, possession-less, lit. without one's own things |
| anāḷhiko | adj | masc.nom.sg | poor, impoverished, not rich |
| iṇaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | debt, loan |
| ādiyitvā | verb | abs | having taken, having grasped |
| vaḍḍhiṃ | noun | fem.acc.sg | interest on a loan; fixed charge; lit. growth |
| paṭissuṇāti, | verb | pr.3.sg | agrees, assents (to) |
| vaḍḍhi- | noun | fem.nom.sg | profit, interest |
| api | ind | have? did? was? isn’t? | |
| dukkhā | adj | fem.nom.sg | uncomfortable, painful, unpleasant, suffering |
| lokasmiṃ | noun | masc.loc.sg | in the world |
| kāmabhogino”ti? | noun | masc.dat.sg | for one who enjoys sensual pleasures, who indulges in sensuality |
If a poor, destitute, impoverished person took any loan and agreed on interest. Isn’t this interest is suffering for one who enjoys sensual pleasures in the world?
- SN 36.6 sallasutta
kiṃ nānākaraṇaṃ sutavato ariyasāvakassa assutavatā puthujjanenā”ti?
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| kiṃ | pron | nt.nom.sg | what? |
| nānākaraṇaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | variation, diversity, difference |
| sutavato | adj | masc.gen.sg | of learned, well-studied, educated, initiated |
| ariyasāvakassa | noun | masc.gen.sg | disciple of the noble ones |
| assutavatā | adj | masc.abl.sg | with unlearned, untaught, uninitiated, untrained |
| puthujjanenā”ti? | noun | masc.ins.sg | with common joe, normal person, worldly person, man in the street, lit. individual person |
What is the difference between the learned disciple of the noble ones and the unlearned worldly person?
- VIN 2.5.8.2 vilekhanasikkhāpadaṃ
bhagavā … ādissa ādissa āyasmato upālissa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| bhagavā | noun | masc.nom.sg | the Blessed One, Fortunate One, Buddha |
| ādissa | verb | ger | pointing out, aiming at; indicating |
| ādissa | verb | ger | pointing out, aiming at; indicating |
| āyasmato | noun | masc.gen.sg | of venerable, reverend |
| upālissa | noun | masc.gen.sg | of Upāli |
| vaṇṇaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | praise, approval, value, |
| bhāsati. | verb | pr.3.sg | speaks (about), talks (about) |
The Blessed One pointing out speaks in praise of venerable Upāli.
- MN 3 dhammadāyāda sutta
tumhe’pi tena ādissā bhaveyyātha — ‘āmisadāyādā satthusāvakā viharanti, no dhammadāyādā’ti
tumhe- pron 2.nom.pl you all
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| api | ind | even, just, also | |
| tena | ind | because of that, on that account, lit. by that, with that | |
| ādissā | ptp | masc.nom.pl | blameable, fit to be pointed, can be criticized |
| bhaveyyātha — | verb | opt.2.pl | you all could be |
| ‘āmisadāyādā | adj | masc.nom.pl | material heir, inheritor of worldly things |
| satthu- | noun | of master, teacher | |
| sāvakā | noun | masc.nom.pl | disciples, pupils, followers, lit. hearers |
| viharanti, | verb | pr.3.pl | live, stay remain, continue |
| no | ind | not | |
| dhammadāyādā’ti | adj | masc.nom.pl | spiritual heir, inheritor of the Dhamma |
On that account you could be also criticized : “Disciples of the Master live as material heirs not as a spiritual heirs”
- VIN 5.11.3 brahmadaṇḍakathā
dussavāṇijjaṃ vā samaṇo ānando karissati, paggāhikasālaṃ vā pasāressatī””ti!
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| dussa- | noun | cloth, clothes, garments | |
| vāṇijjaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | trade, trading, business, commerce |
| vā | ind | or | |
| samaṇo ānando | noun | masc.nom.sg | recluse Ānanda |
| karissati, | verb | fut.3.sg | will make, will do |
| paggāhikasālaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | shop |
| vā | ind | or | |
| pasāressatī”ti! | verb | fut.3.sg | will lay out, will put forth, will offer for sale |
Recluse Ānanda will make a trading of cloth or he will lay out a shop!
- KN 8.25 TH 25 nandiya theragāthā
“obhāsajātaṃ phalagaṃ, cittaṃ yassa abhiṇhaso.
tādisaṃ bhikkhum’āsajja, kaṇha dukkhaṃ nigacchasī”ti.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| “obhāsajātaṃ | adj | nt.nom.sg | radiant, beaming, effulgent |
| phalagaṃ, | adj | nt.nom.sg | fruitful, attained the fruit (of nibbāna) |
| cittaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | mind |
| yassa | noun | masc.gen.sg | his, of whom |
| abhiṇhaso. | ind | continuously, repeatedly, regularly, often, ever | |
| tādisaṃ | adj | masc.acc.sg | such, like that (of), of such character, of such quality |
| bhikkhum- | noun | masc.acc.sg | monk |
| āsajja, | verb | ger | insulting, assaulting, attacking |
| kaṇha | noun | masc.voc.sg | dark one, black one, evil one |
| dukkhaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | discomfort, suffering, pain, unease, something unsatisfactory, problem, trouble |
| nigacchasī”ti. | verb | pr.2.sg | you (of something bad) suffer, experience, undergoe, fall (into) |
Whos mind ever radiant and fruitful, insulting such monk, you Dark One, will experience suffering.
- VIN 1.1.3 tatiyapārājikaṃ
tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū dāyaṃ ālimpesuṃ; manussā daḍḍhā kālamakaṃsu.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| tena kho pana samayena | idiom | now at that time, now on that occasion | |
| chabbaggiyā | adj | masc.nom.pl | belonging to group of six |
| bhikkhū | noun | masc.nom.pl | monks |
| dāyaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | wood, grove, park, forest |
| ālimpesuṃ; | verb | aor.3.pl | they set fire to |
| manussā | noun | masc.nom.pl | people |
| daḍḍhā | pp | masc.nom.pl | burnt, burnt down, consumed by fire |
| kālamakaṃsu. | verb | aor.3.pl | they died |
Now at that time monks belonging to group of six set fire to a forest; people died consumed by fire.
- VIN 3.4.1.6 chaṭṭhasikkhāpadaṃ
pānīyathālakaṃ matthake āsumbhitvā vidhūpanena pahāraṃ adāsi.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| pānīya- | noun | water, drinking water, lit. drinkable | |
| thālakaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | small bowl, beaker |
| matthake | noun | masc.loc.sg | on the head |
| āsumbhitvā | verb | abs | having droped; having thrown down |
| vidhūpanena | noun | masc.ins.sg | with fan |
| pahāraṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | punch, blow, strike, stroke |
| adāsi. | verb | aor.3.sg | gave |
Having thrown down a water bowl on (his) head, he gave a strike with a fan.
- VIN 4.1.39 āhundarikavatthu
“āhundarikā samaṇānaṃ sakyaputtiyānaṃ disā andhakārā, na imesaṃ disā pakkhāyantī”ti.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| āhundarikā | adj | fem.nom.pl | crowded up, blocked up, impassable |
| samaṇānaṃ | noun | masc.gen.pl | of ascetics, renunciants, holy men, monks |
| sakyaputtiyānaṃ | adj | masc.gen.pl | Buddhist, lit. son of the Sakyan |
| disā | noun | fem.nom.pl | directions, cardinal points |
| andhakārā, | adj | fem.nom.pl | dark, obscuring; obscured. |
| na | ind | not | |
| imesaṃ | pron | masc.dat.pl | for them |
| disā | noun | fem.nom.pl | directions, cardinal points |
| pakkhāyantī’ti. | verb | pr.3.pl | they appear, shine forth, are clearly visible |
The directions are impassable and dark of Buddhist monks, directions are not clearly visible because of them.
- VIN 2.5.8.5 talasattikasikkhāpadaṃ
tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū kupitā anattamanā sattarasavaggiyānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ talasattikaṃ uggiranti.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| tena kho pana samayena | idiom | now at that time, now on that occasion | |
| chabbaggiyā | adj | masc.nom.pl | belonging to group of six |
| bhikkhū | noun | masc.nom.pl | monks |
| kupitā | pp | masc.nom.pl | indignant, angry, annoyed, outraged, offended |
| anattamanā | adj | masc.nom.pl | irritated, annoyed, displeased |
| sattarasa- | adj | seventeen | |
| vaggiyānaṃ | adj | masc.dat.pl | for part of a group, belonging to a collection |
| bhikkhūnaṃ | noun | masc.dat.pl | for monks |
| talasattikaṃ | noun | fem.acc.sg | the palm of the hand as a weapon. |
| uggiranti. | verb | pr.3.pl | they lift, raise (a weapon). |
Now at that time monks belonging to group of six angry irritated raise palm of the hand as a weapon for monks belonging to group of seventeen.
- VIN 1.1.3 tatiyapārājikaṃ, vinītavatthu
aññataro bhikkhu heṭṭhā hutvā silaṃ uccāresi. uparimena bhikkhunā duggahitā silā heṭṭhimassa bhikkhuno matthake avatthāsi. so bhikkhu kālamakāsi
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| aññataro | adj | masc.nom.sg | a certain, a |
| bhikkhu | noun | masc.nom.sg | monk |
| heṭṭhā | ind | below, under, underneath | |
| hutvā | verb | abs | having been |
| silaṃ | noun | fem.acc.sg | stone, rock |
| uccāresi. | verb | aor.3.sg | lifted up, raised |
| uparimena | adj | masc.ins.sg | by being above, upper, higher; later, following. |
| bhikkhunā | noun | masc.ins.sg | by monk |
| duggahitā | adj | fem.nom.sg | wrongly held, grasped in the wrong way |
| silā | noun | fem.nom.sg | stone, rock |
| heṭṭhimassa | noun | masc.gen.sg | of lower, lowest |
| bhikkhuno | noun | masc.gen.sg | of monk |
| matthake | noun | masc.loc.sg | at the head |
| avatthāsi. | verb | aor.3.sg | landed, placed, fell down on |
| so | pron | masc.nom.sg | he, that |
| bhikkhu | noun | masc.nom.sg | monk |
| kālamakāsi. | verb | aor.3.sg | died |
A certain monk was below, lifted up a stone. (Than) stone was wrongly held by monk who was above, and it fell on the head of the monk who was below. That monk died.
- VIN 5.12.2 dutiyabhāṇavāro
atha kho vesālikā vajjiputtakā bhikkhū taṃ sāmaṇakaṃ parikkhāraṃ ādāya nāvāya sahajātiṃ ujjaviṃsu;
- VIN 6.1.1.4.2 kosiyavaggo
sambahulā bhikkhū santhatāni ujjhitvā āraññik’aṅgaṃ piṇḍapātik’aṅgaṃ paṃsukūlik’aṅgaṃ samādiyiṃsu
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| atha kho | ind | and then | |
| vesālikā | adj | masc.nom.pl | of Vesālī |
| vajjiputtakā | adj | masc.nom.pl | sons of Vajji |
| bhikkhū | noun | masc.nom.pl | monks |
| taṃ | pron | masc.acc.sg | that |
| sāmaṇakaṃ | adj | nt.acc.sg | worthy of a monk, monk-like |
| parikkhāraṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | requisite, requirement, accessory |
| ādāya | verb | ger | taking |
| nāvāya | noun | fem.ins.sg | by ship, boat |
| sahajātiṃ | noun | nom.acc.sg | Sahajāti |
| ujjaviṃsu; | verb | aor.3.pl | they went upstream. |
And then monks of Vesālī sons of Vajji took that requisites worthy of a monk and went upstream by the boat to the Sahajāti.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| sambahulā | adj | masc.nom.pl | many, numerous, plenty of, lit. lots together |
| bhikkhū | noun | masc.nom.pl | monks |
| santhatāni | noun | nt.acc.pl | rugs, mats |
| ujjhitvā | verb | abs | having discarded, dumped, abandoned, left |
| āraññik’aṅgaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | the practice of living in the wild |
| piṇḍapātik’aṅgaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | the practice of going for alms (by walking from house to house) |
| paṃsukūlik’aṅgaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | the practice of wearing rug robs |
| samādiyiṃsu | verb | aor.3.pl | they took upon, undertook |
Many monks having abandoned mats undertook practice of living in the wild, practice of going for alms and practice of wearing rug robs.
- MN 81 ghaṭikāra sutta
bhikkhū ghaṭikārassa kumbhakārassa āvesanaṃ uttiṇam’akaṃsu.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| bhikkhū | noun | masc.nom.pl | monks |
| ghaṭikārassa | noun | masc.gen.sg | of Ghaṭikāra |
| kumbhakārassa | noun | masc.gen.sg | of potter |
| āvesanaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | workshop |
| uttiṇaṃ- | adj | with the straw off, deprived of straw; thatch-less. | |
| akaṃsu. | verb | aor.3.pl | they did, they made |
Monks took the straw off the workshop of potter Ghaṭikāra.
- AN 8.54 dīghajāṇu sutta
sac’āyaṃ kulaputto app’āyo samāno uḷāraṃ jīvikaṃ kappeti, tassa bhavanti vattāro — ‘‘udumbarakhādī’v’āyaṃ kulaputto bhoge khādatī’ti.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| sace | ind | if | |
| pan’āyaṃ | pron | masc.nom.sg | and this, but this |
| kulaputto | noun | masc.nom.sg | son of a good family, respectable young man |
| app’āyo | adj | masc.nom.sg | with little income |
| samāno | prp | masc.nom.sg | being, having, existing |
| uḷāraṃ | adj | fem.acc.sg | excellent, lofty, noble, luxurious |
| jīvikaṃ | noun | fem.acc.sg | livelihood, way of life |
| kappeti, | verb | pr.3.sg | prepares, arranges, makes |
| tassa | pron | masc.gen.sg | of him |
| bhavanti | verb | pr.3.pl | there are, are being, they become |
| vattāro | noun | masc.nom.pl | who say, who speak, who comment |
| udumbarakhādī- (or) udumbarakhādakaṃ (or) udumbarakhādikaṃ |
noun ind |
masc.nom.sg adv |
squanderer; who wastes resources; lit. cluster fig eater (or) in the way of eating of figs (as adv. of manner. SCPN §52) |
| va- | ind | like, as | |
| ayaṃ | pron | masc.nom.sg | this |
| kulaputto | noun | masc.nom.sg | son of a good family, respectable young man |
| bhoge | noun | masc.acc.pl | wealth, possessions, property, riches |
| khādatī’ti. | verb | pr.3.sg | chews, eats |
But if this son of a good family having little income and makes luxurious way of life, others would say of him: “This son of a good family eats wealth like squanderer.”
- MN 82 raṭṭhapāla sutta
pabbajitena ca pana te mātāpitaro uddassetabbā’ti.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| pabbajitena | pp | masc.ins.sg | by ordained (from), renounced (from) |
| ca | ind | and | |
| pana | ind | moreover, and so, but |
te pron 2.ins.sg by you
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| mātāpitaro | noun | masc.nom.pl | parents |
| uddassetabbā’ti. | ptp | masc.nom.pl | should be visited, should be shown (oneself), lit. should be caused to see |
But parents should be visited by you ordained.
But when ordain, you should visit your parents.
- VIN 4.6.178 sīhasenāpativatthu
“na, bhikkhave, jānaṃ uddissakataṃ maṃsaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. yo paribhuñjeyya āpatti dukkaṭassa. anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tikoṭiparisuddhaṃ macchamaṃsaṃ — adiṭṭhaṃ assutaṃ aparisaṅkitan”ti.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| “na, | ind | not | |
| jānaṃ | ind | adv | knowingly, wittingly, with full knowledge |
| uddissakataṃ | adj | nt.nom.sg | made for a particular person; specially prepared |
| maṃsaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | meat, flesh |
| paribhuñjitabbaṃ | ptp | nt.acc.sg | should be consumed, should be eaten |
| yo | pron | masc.nom.sg | whoever |
| paribhuñjeyya | verb | opt.3.sg | could eat, use, consume, enjoy |
| āpatti | noun | fem.nom.sg | (vinaya) offence, wrongdoing, transgression |
| dukkaṭassa. | noun | nt.gen.sg | of wrong-doing, particular classification of (vinaya) offense. |
| anujānāmi, | verb | pr.1.sg | I allow, permit, grant permission |
| tikoṭiparisuddhaṃ | adj | nt.acc.sg | purified in three respects |
| macchamaṃsaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | fish and meat |
| adiṭṭhaṃ | adj | nt.acc.sg | not seen |
| assutaṃ | adj | nt.acc.sg | unheard |
| aparisaṅkitan”ti. | adj | nt.acc.sg | not suspected, not having apprehensions about |
Monks, meat specially prepared knowingly should not be eaten. Whoever could eat (that meat) – there is an offence of wrong-doing. Monks, I allow fish and meat what has been purified in three respects : not seen, unheard and not suspected.
- MN 54.2 potaliya sutta, kāmādīnavakathā
seyyathā’pi kukkuro jighacchā-dubbalya-pareto goghātakasūnaṃ paccupaṭṭhito assa. tam’enaṃ dakkho goghātako vā goghātak’antevāsī vā aṭṭhikaṅkalaṃ sunikkantaṃ nikkantaṃ nimmaṃsaṃ lohitamakkhitaṃ upacchubheyya (var: upasumbheyya)
evam’eva kho ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati — ‘aṭṭhikaṅkal’ūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo’ti.
Similarly disciple of the Buddha reflects thus: sensual pleasure had been compared with chain of bones by the Blessed One, it is full of suffering, full of irritation, the disadvantage in this regard (even) more than (that).
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| seyyathā’pi | ind | just like, as if, imagine if | |
| kukkuro | noun | masc.nom.sg | dog |
| jighacchā- | noun | fem | hunger, lit. desiring to eat |
| dubbalya- | noun | nt | weakness, feebleness, incapability |
| pareto | adj | masc.nom.sg | afflicted (with), overcame (by), attacked (by), overwhelmed (by) |
| goghātaka- | noun | masc | butcher, lit. cow slaughterer |
| sūnaṃ | noun | fem.acc.sg | slaughter-house |
| paccupaṭṭhito | pp | masc.nom.sg | present (for), standing by (for), attending |
| assa. | verb | opt.3.sg | could be, may be, should be |
| tam’enaṃ | pron | masc.acc.sg | that one, him, that |
| dakkho | adj | masc.nom.sg | expert, skilled, able |
| goghātako | noun | masc.nom.sg | butcher, lit. cow slaughterer |
| vā | ind | or | |
| goghātak’antevāsī | noun | masc.nom.sg | butcher’s apprentice |
| vā | ind | or | |
| aṭṭhikaṅkalaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | skeleton, lit. chain of bones |
| sunikkantaṃ | adj | masc.acc.sg | well hacked, well scraped |
| nikkantaṃ | adj | masc.acc.sg | hacked, scraped |
| nimmaṃsaṃ | adj | masc.acc.sg | fleshless |
| lohitamakkhitaṃ | adj | masc.acc.sg | smeared with blood |
| upacchubheyya (var: upasumbheyya) | verb | opt.3.sg | could throw to |
Imagine if like a dog overcame by hunger and weakness, could stand near butcher’s slaughter-house. Skilled butcher or butcher’s apprentice could throw to this dog chain of bones well hacked, scraped, fleshless, smeared with blood.
Class 53¶
- VIN 2.5.5.7 mahānāmasikkhāpada
chabbaggiyā bhikkhū mahānāme sakke upanandhiṃsu.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| chabbaggiyā | adj | masc.nom.pl | belonging to group of six |
| bhikkhū | noun | masc.nom.pl | monks |
| mahānāme | noun | masc.loc.sg | in Mahānāma |
| sakke | noun | masc.loc.sg | in the Sakkyan |
| upanandhiṃsu. | verb | aor.3.pl | they beared enmity towards; grumbled at. |
The monks belonging to group of six beared enmity towards Mahānāma the Sakkyan.
- VIN 2.5.5.7 mahānāmasikkhāpadaṃ
amhākaṃ pana sakiṃ katāni santhatāni pañca’pi cha’pi vassāni honti, yesaṃ no dārakā uhadanti’pi ummihanti’pi undūrehi’pi khajjanti.
amhākaṃ pron 1.gen.pl our, of us
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| pana | ind | moreover, and so, but | |
| sakiṃ | ind | once | |
| katāni | pp | nt.nom.pl | made, done |
| santhatāni | noun | nt.nom.pl | spreads, bedspreads, coverlets, counterpanes |
| pañca’pi | adj | nt.acc.pl | even five |
| cha’pi | adj | nt.acc.pl | even six |
| vassāni | noun | nt.acc.pl | years |
| honti, | verb | pr.3.pl | there are, exist |
| yesaṃ | pron | masc.dat.pl | for whatever, for which |
no pron 1.gen.pl our
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| dārakā | noun | masc.nom.pl | children, sons, young ones |
| uhadanti’pi | verb | pr.3.pl | and defecate |
| ummihanti’pi | verb | pr.3.pl | and urinate |
| undūrehi’pi | noun | nt.ins.pl | by rats, mice |
| khajjanti. | verb | pr.3.pl | they are being eaten (by), being nibbled (by) |
But our bedspreads, once made, exist even for five or six years. (While) Our children defecate and urinate on them and they are eaten by rats.
- DN 21.3 sakkapañha sutta, sakkūpasaṅkama
tena kho pana samayena indasālaguhā visamā santī samā sampādi, sambādhā santī urundā sampādi, andhakāro guhāyaṃ antaradhāyi, āloko udapādi yathā taṃ devānaṃ dev’ānubhāvena.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| tena kho pana samayena | ind | now at that time, now on that occasion | |
| indasālaguhā | noun | fem.nom.sg | cave of Indasāla |
| visamā | adj | fem.nom.sg | rough, uneven |
| santī | prp | fem.nom.sg | existing, being |
| samā | adj | fem.nom.sg | smooth, level, even |
| sampādi, | verb | aor.3.sg | happened to be, turned out to be |
| sambādhā | adj | fem.nom.sg | crowded, cramped, pressured, hemmed-in |
| santī | prp | fem.nom.sg | existing, being |
| urundā | adj | fem.nom.sg | spacious, roomy, large |
| sampādi, | verb | aor.3.sg | happened to be, turned out to be |
| andhakāro | noun | masc.nom.sg | darkness, blackness, blindness |
| guhāyaṃ | noun | fem.loc.sg | in cave, cavern |
| antaradhāyi, | verb | aor.3.sg | disappeared, vanished, went |
| āloko | noun | masc.nom.sg | light, brightness |
| udapādi | verb | aor.3.sg | arose, sprung up |
| yathā | ind | like, as, according to, how, in whatever way | |
| taṃ | pron | masc.acc.sg | that |
| devānaṃ | noun | masc.gen.pl | of deities |
| dev’ānubhāvena. | noun | masc.ins.sg | by divine power. |
Now at that time cave of Indasāla from rough turned out to be smooth, from cramped turned out to be spacious. Darkness in cave disappeared. And brightness arose according to divine power of deities.
- VIN 4.8.206 seṭṭhiputtavatthu
jīvako … janaṃ ussāretvā tirokaraṇiyaṃ parikkhipitvā thambhe upanibandhitvā bhariyaṃ purato ṭhapetvā udaracchaviṃ uppāṭetvā antagaṇṭhiṃ nīharitvā bhariyāya dassesi
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| jīvako | noun | masc.nom.sg | Jīvaka |
| janaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | men, people |
| ussāretvā | verb | abs | having expeled; sent away, dismissed. |
| tirokaraṇiyaṃ | noun | fem.loc.sg | curtain; a screen. |
| parikkhipitvā | verb | abs | having encircled, having thrown around |
| thambhe | noun | masc.loc.sg | in pillar, post, column |
| upanibandhitvā | verb | abs | having tied (onto), fastened (to), tied down |
| bhariyaṃ | noun | fem.acc.sg | wife, lit. who is supported |
| purato | ind | in front (of) | |
| ṭhapetvā | verb | abs | having placed, having put |
| udaracchaviṃ | noun | fem.acc.sg | skin of the belly |
| uppāṭetvā | verb | abs | having split open, having cut lit. having broken up |
| antagaṇṭhiṃ | noun | fem.acc.sg | knot of intestine, twisted gut |
| nīharitvā | verb | abs | having removed, having extracted, having taken out |
| bhariyāya | noun | fem.dat.sg | to wife, lit. who is supported |
| dassesi | verb | aor.3.sg | showed, exhibited, revealed, presented |
Jīvaka sent away people, encircled (him) with curtain, tied him to a post, placed his wife in front of him, cut open the skin of the belly, removed twisted gut and showed it to his wife.
- MN 36 mahāsaccaka sutta
okappaniyam’etaṃ bhoto gotamassa yathā taṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassa.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| okappaniyaṃ- | ptp | nt.nom.sg | to believe; to trust. |
| etaṃ | pron | nt.nom.sg | this |
| bhoto | noun | masc.gen.sg | for sir, for master, for you |
| gotamassa | adj | masc.gen.sg | for of the Gotama family |
| yathā | ind | like, as, according to, how, in whatever way | |
| taṃ | pron | nt.nom.sg | that |
| arahato | adj | masc.gen.sg | of worthy, entitled , deserving |
| sammāsambuddhassa. n | m.gen.s | of perfectly awakened one, fully enlightened | being |
This (saying) of master Gotama can be trasted, as that of worthy perfectly awakened one.
- VIN 4.1.13 bimbisārasamāgamakathā
atha kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro sovaṇṇamayaṃ bhiṅkāraṃ gahetvā bhagavato oṇojesi — “et’āhaṃ, bhante, veḷuvanaṃ uyyānaṃ buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa dammī”ti.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| atha kho | ind | then, and then, after that | |
| rājā | noun | masc.nom.sg | king, ruler |
| māgadho | adj | masc.nom.sg | of Kingdom of Magadha |
| seniyo bimbisāro | noun | masc.nom.sg | General Bimbisāra |
| sovaṇṇamayaṃ | adj | masc.acc.sg | golden, made of gold |
| bhiṅkāraṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | water jar, a vase, ceremonial vessel |
| gahetvā | verb | abs | having taken |
| bhagavato | noun | masc.dat.sg | to the Blessed One |
| oṇojesi | verb | aor.3.sg | gave as a present, dedicated (with the rite of washing one's hands, i. e. a clean gift) |
| “eta- | pron | nt.acc.sg | this |
ahaṃ, pron 1.nom.sg I
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| bhante, | noun | masc.voc.sg | sir, lord, reverend |
| veḷuvanaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | bamboo forest, bamboo grove, monastery name |
| uyyānaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | park, pleasure grove, lit. walk out |
| buddhappamukhassa | adj | masc.dat.sg | for led by the Buddha, headed by the Buddha, lit. Buddha foremost |
| bhikkhusaṅghassa | noun | masc.dat.sg | for community of monks, group of monastics |
| dammī”ti. | verb | pr.1.sg | I give, I should give |
And then General Bimbisāra king of Magadha took golden ceremonial vessel and gave as a present to the Blessed One : “I give this “Bamboo grove” park to the community of monks headed by the Buddha.”
7 VIN 1.4.3.10 pariṇatasikkhāpadaṃ
“oṇojeth’āvuso, saṅghassa cīvaran”ti.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| “oṇojetha- | verb | imp.2.pl | you may give as a present, dedicate (with the rite of washing one's hands, i. e. a clean gift) |
| āvuso, | noun | masc.voc.pl | brothers, friends |
| saṅghassa | noun | masc.dat.sg | for the community, assembly of monks |
| cīvaran”ti. | noun | nt.acc.sg | robe, cloth, robe-cloth lit. rags |
Friends, you may give as a present robe-cloth for the community .
- VIN 1.1.1 paṭhamapārājikaṃ
tena hi tvaṃ, gahapati, mahante mahante sāṇipasibbake kārāpetvā hiraññasuvaṇṇassa pūrāpetvā sakaṭehi nibbāhāpetvā majjhe gaṅgāya sote osādehi.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| tena hi | idiom | therefore, in that case, well then, if that’s so, | because of that, in that case |
tvaṃ, verb 2.nom.sg you
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| gahapati, | noun | masc.voc.sg | householder |
| mahante | adj | masc.acc.pl | large, big |
| mahante | adj | masc.acc.pl | large, big |
| sāṇipasibbake | noun | masc.acc.pl | sacks; hempsacks |
| kārāpetvā | verb | abs | having caused to do, having had made |
| hiraññasuvaṇṇassa | noun | nt.gen.sg | of unwrought and wrought gold, raw gold and gold coins |
| pūrāpetvā | verb | abs | having made fill |
| sakaṭehi | noun | masc.ins.pl | with carts, wagons |
| nibbāhāpetvā | verb | abs | having caused to carry |
| majjhe | ind | in the middle, in the midst (of) | |
| gaṅgāya | noun | fem.loc.sg | in the Ganges River, |
| sote | noun | masc.loc.sg | in the stream, river, current |
| osādehi. | verb | imp.2.sg | you should cause to sink; immerse, dump |
Well then, householder, cause to make large sacks, make them fill with unwrought and wrought gold, carry them by wagons and dump them in the middle of the Ganges River.
- VIN 1.1.1 paṭhamapārājikaṃ
taṃ kissa hetu? yañ’hi te, gahapati, bhavissati tatonidānaṃ bhayaṃ vā chambhitattaṃ vā lomahaṃso vā ārakkho vā so te na bhavissatī”ti.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| taṃ kissa hetu? | idiom | what’s the reason for that? why is that? | |
| yañ’hi | pron | that which certainly |
te pron 2.dat.sg for you
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| bhavissati | verb | fut.3.sg | will be |
| tatonidānaṃ | ind | because of that, on that account, lit. from that reason | |
| bhayaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | fear (of), terror (of), fright, dismay |
| vā | ind | or | |
| chambhitattaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | (state of) paralysis, being frozen, stiff with fear, lit. state of rigidity |
| vā | ind | or | |
| lomahaṃso | noun | masc.nom.sg | goosebumps, hair standing on end, lit. erect hair |
| vā | ind | or | |
| ārakkho | noun | masc.nom.sg | protection, preservation, safe-keeping, care |
| vā | ind | or | |
| so | pron | masc.nom.sg | that |
te pron 2.dat.sg for you
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| na | ind | not | |
| bhavissatī”ti. | verb | fut.3.sg | will be |
Why is that? Certainly because of that there can be for you fear, paralysis, goosebumps and (truble of) protection. So you will avoid all of this.
- VIN 1.4.1.5 cīvarapaṭiggahaṇasikkhāpadaṃ
“seyyathā’pi, bhagini, puriso hatthiṃ datvā kacche sajjeyya, evam’eva kho tvaṃ, bhagini, bhagavato maṃsaṃ datvā mayi antaravāsake sajjasī”ti
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| “seyyathā’pi, | ind | just like, as if, imagine if | |
| bhagini, | noun | fem.voc.sg | sister |
| puriso | noun | masc.nom.sg | man, person |
| hatthiṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | elephant |
| datvā | verb | abs | having given, having offered, having donated |
| kacche | noun | masc.loc.sg | in girdle, belt, esp. the girth of an elephant |
| sajjeyya | verb | opt.3.sg | could be attached, be hesitant |
| evam’eva kho | idiom | similarly, in the same way, so too |
tvaṃ pron 2.nom.sg you
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| bhagini | noun | fem.voc.sg | sister |
| bhagavato | noun | masc.dat.sg | to the Buddha, for the Blessed One |
| maṃsaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | meat |
| datvā | verb | abs | having given, having offered, having donated |
mayi pron 1.loc.sg in me, towards me
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| antaravāsake | noun | masc.loc.sg | in inner garment, lower robe |
| sajjasī”ti | verb | pr.2.sg | you are attached, hesitate |
Sister, imagine if a person having offered an elephant could hesitate (to give) the belt. Similarly, sister, you having offered meat for the Blessed One, hesitate (to give) lower robe for me.
- MN 129 bālapaṇḍita sutta
appamattako so, bhikkhave, kaṭaggaho yaṃ so akkhadhutto paṭhamen’eva kaṭaggahena mahantaṃ bhogakkhandhaṃ adhigaccheyya.
atha kho ayam’eva tato mahantataro kaṭaggaho yaṃ so paṇḍito kāyena sucaritaṃ caritvā, vācāya sucaritaṃ caritvā, manasā sucaritaṃ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati.
However greater than that lucky cast when the wise man having conduct onself well by body, well by speech, well by mind, when (his) body breaking, after death, he re-arises in good destination, in the heavenly world.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| appamattako | adj | masc.nom.sg | small, insignificant, minute, tiny, lit. small measure |
| so | pron | masc.nom.sg | that |
| kaṭaggaho | noun | masc.nom.sg | lucky die, lucky cast, winning, victory |
| yaṃ | pron | masc.acc.sg | whoever, that which |
| so | pron | masc.nom.sg | that |
| akkhadhutto | noun | masc.nom.sg | gambler, who is addicted to gambling, lit. dice corrupted |
| paṭhamen’eva | adj | masc.ins.sg | just with first |
| kaṭaggahena | noun | masc.ins.sg | with lucky cast, lucky die, winning, victory |
| mahantaṃ | adj | masc.acc.sg | great, large, powerful, grand, mighty, vast, extensive |
| bhogakkhandhaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | mass of wealth, mountain of wealth |
| adhigaccheyya. | verb | opt.3.sg | could get, attain, find, acquire, obtain |
Insignificant that lucky cast such as, when gambler just by first winning could obtain large mass of wealth.
- SN 15.1 tiṇakaṭṭha sutta
evaṃ dīgharattaṃ vo, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ paccanubhūtaṃ tibbaṃ paccanubhūtaṃ byasanaṃ paccanubhūtaṃ, kaṭasī vaḍḍhitā.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| evaṃ | ind | thus, this, like this, similarly, in the same manner, | just as, such |
| dīgharattaṃ | ind | for a long time |
vo pron 2.ins.pl by you all
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| dukkhaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | discomfort, suffering, pain, unease, something unsatisfactory, problem, trouble |
| paccanubhūtaṃ | pp | nt.nom.sg | personally experienced, suffered, undergone, met with |
| tibbaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | agony, torture, suffering |
| paccanubhūtaṃ | pp | nt.nom.sg | personally experienced, suffered, undergone, met with |
| byasanaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | misfortune, disaster, calamity |
| paccanubhūtaṃ | pp | nt.nom.sg | personally experienced, suffered, undergone, met with |
| kaṭasī | noun | fem.nom.pl | cemetery, charnel ground |
| vaḍḍhitā. | pp | nt.nom.pl | filled up, increased, lit. caused to increase |
Thus for a long time by you all suffering, agony and misfortune was undergone, and the cemetery was filled up by you all.
- MN 60 apaṇṇaka sutta
evaṃ imassa bhoto purisapuggalassa ubhayattha kaliggaho
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| evaṃ | ind | thus, this, like this, similarly |
imassa pron 2.dat.sg for this
yañ’ca diṭṭh’eva dhamme viññūnaṃ gārayho, yañ’ca kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjissati.
Right here right now he is blameworthy of the wise and when (his) body breaking, after death, he could be re-arise in bad destination, in the state of suffering, in the hell.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| bhoto | noun | masc.dat.sg | for sir, for master, for good |
| purisapuggalassa | noun | masc.dat.sg | for individual, individual person |
| ubhayattha | ind | in both cases, on both sides | |
| kaliggaho | noun | masc.nom.sg | unlucky throw, bad luck, ill fortune |
Thus there is an unlucky throw in both cases for this good person.
- SNP 7 vasalasutta
yo ve kiñcikkha-kamyatā, panthasmiṃ vajantaṃ janaṃ.
hantvā kiñcikkham’ādeti, taṃ jaññā vasalo iti.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| yo | pron | masc.nom.sg | whoever |
| ve | ind | indeed, truly, really | |
| kiñcikkha- | noun | nt | some little thing, trifle |
| kamyatā, | noun | fem.nom.sg | wish, desire, longing |
| panthasmiṃ | noun | masc.loc.sg | in road, path, way |
| vajantaṃ | prp | masc.acc.sg | going along |
| janaṃ. | noun | masc.acc.sg | man, person, fellow |
| hantvā | verb | abs | having killed, having slain |
| kiñcikkham- | noun | nt.acc.sg | some little thing, trifle |
| ādeti, | verb | pr.3.sg | takes, grasps, steals |
| taṃ | pron | masc.acc.sg | him |
| jaññā | verb | opt.3.sg | one could know, one must understand |
| vasalo | noun | masc.nom.sg | outcast |
| iti. | ind | “” |
Whoever desiring trifle, from man who going along the road, having killed he steals something. One could know him as an outcast.
- DN 26.9 cakkavattisutta, saṅkharājauppatti
asīti-vassa-sahass’āyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu ayaṃ jambudīpo iddho c’eva bhavissati phīto ca, kukkuṭasampātikā gāma-nigamarājadhāniyo.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| asīti- | adj | eighty (80) | |
| vassa- | noun | year, season | |
| sahassa- | adj | thousand (1000) | |
| āyukesu, | adj | masc.loc.pl | when (long or short) lived, of age, with lifespan of |
| manussesu | noun | masc.loc.pl | when people |
| ayaṃ | pron | masc.nom.sg | this |
| jambudīpo | noun | masc.nom.sg | India, lit. rose-apple land |
| iddho | adj | masc.nom.sg | prosperous, opulent, wealthy |
| c’eva | ind | and even | |
| bhavissati | verb | fut.3.sg | will be |
| phīto | adj | masc.nom.sg | opulent, prosperous, rich |
| ca, | ind | and | |
| kukkuṭasampātikā | adj | masc.nom.pl | lying close together (like a flock of chickens) lit: chickens falling together |
| gāma- | noun | masc | village, hamlet |
| nigama- | noun | masc | town, market town |
| rājadhāniyo. | m | masc.masc.pl | royal cities. |
When people having a lifespan of eighty thousand years, this India will be prosperous and rich, and villages, towns and royal cities will lying close together (lit. like a flock of chickens) .
- VIN 4.8.202
atha kho rājagahako negamo sālavatiṃ kumāriṃ gaṇikaṃ vuṭṭhāpesi.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| atha kho | ind | and then | |
| rājagahako | adj | masc.nom.sg | of Rājagaha |
| negamo | noun | masc.nom.sg | town-council. |
| sālavatiṃ | noun | fem.acc.sg | Sālavatī |
| kumāriṃ | noun | fem.acc.sg | young girl, unmarried girl; a virgin. |
| gaṇikaṃ | noun | fem.acc.sg | courtesan, high class prostitute, lit. belonging to the crowd |
| vuṭṭhāpesi. | verb | aor.3.sg | appointed, established (as) |
And then town-council of Rājagaha appointed young girl Sālavatī to be a courtesan.
- SN 35.246 vīṇopamasuttaṃ
seyyathā'pi, bhikkhave, kiṭṭhaṃ sampannaṃ. kiṭṭh'ārakkho ca pamatto, goṇo ca kiṭṭh'ādo aduṃ kiṭṭhaṃ otaritvā yāva'd'atthaṃ madaṃ āpajjeyya pamādaṃ āpajjeyya.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| seyyathā'pi, | ind | just like, as if, imagine if | |
| kiṭṭhaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | crop, harvest, field |
| sampannaṃ. | adj | nt.nom.sg | fully grown, ripe, lit. succeeded |
| kiṭṭha- | noun | crop, harvest, field | |
| ārakkho | noun | masc.nom.sg | guard, watchman, protector |
| ca | ind | and | |
| pamatto, | adj | masc.nom.sg | careless, heedless, negligent, inattentive |
| goṇo | noun | masc.nom.sg | ox, bull, cattle, field |
| ca | ind | and | |
| kiṭṭha- | noun | crop, harvest, field | |
| ado | adj | masc.nom.sg | eating, feeding on, who eats |
| aduṃ | pron | nt.acc.sg | that, such, so and so |
| kiṭṭhaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | crop, harvest, field |
| otaritvā | verb | abs | having descended, having gone down, having entered |
| yāva'd'atthaṃ | ind | adv | as much as one likes, as much as is good for one |
| madaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | excess, pleasure, intoxication, indulgence |
| āpajjeyya | verb | opt.3.sg | could engage in, indulge in |
| pamādaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | carelessness, negligence, heedlessness |
| āpajjeyya. | verb | opt.3.sg | could engage in, indulge in |
Minks, imagine if the crop are ripe, and the field-watchman is careless. And the bull, who feeding on crop, having entered the field, indulge in pleasure and negligence.
- AN 5.54 samayasuttaṃ
puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, hoti so samayo yaṃ bhayaṃ hoti aṭavisaṅkopo, cakkasamāruḷhā jānapadā pariyāyanti.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| puna caparaṃ | idiom | and what is more, and so too | |
| hoti | verb | pr.3.sg | there is |
| so | pron | masc.nom.sg | that |
| samayo | noun | masc.nom.sg | time, occasion |
| yaṃ | pron | nt.nom.sg | which, whoever, whatever, that which |
| bhayaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | danger (from), peril (of) |
| hoti | verb | pr.3.sg | there is |
| aṭavisaṅkopo, | noun | masc.nom.sg | unrest in the wilderness, disturbance in the countryside, (comm) invasion of forest thieves |
| cakkasamāruḷhā | adj | masc.nom.pl | having climbed into their vehicles (in an emergency) |
| jānapadā | noun | masc.nom.pl | country folk |
| pariyāyanti. | verb | pr.3.pl | they flee in all directions |
And so too there is that time, there is that danger - invasion of forest thieves. And country folk having climbed into their vehicles flee in all directions.
- MN 105 sunakkhatta sutta
mā ca vātātape cārittaṃ anuyuñji, mā te vātātape cārittaṃ anuyuttassa rajosūkaṃ vaṇamukhaṃ anuddhaṃsesi.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| mā | ind | do not, may one not, don’t let | |
| ca | ind | and | |
| vātātape | noun | masc.loc.sg | in wind and heat, wind and sun |
| cārittaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | walking around, roaming, going around |
| anuyuñji, | verb | aor.3.sg | practised, engaged (in), did, lit. yoked oneself (to) |
| mā | ind | do not, may one not, don’t let | |
| te | pron | masc.gen.sg | when you |
| vātātape | noun | masc.loc.sg | in wind and heat, wind and sun |
| cārittaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | walking around, roaming, going around |
| anuyuttassa | adj | masc.gen.sg | when engaged in, doing, practicing, indulging in |
| rajosūkaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | dust particles, fine grains of dust |
| vaṇamukhaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | opening of a wound, lit. wound mouth |
| anuddhaṃsesi. | verb | aor.3.sg | invaded, infected, flooded, overwhelmed |
Do not walk around in the wind and sun. When you walking in the wind and sun, do not let dust particles infect the opening of the wound.
- VIN 4.3.113 antarāye anāpattivassacchedavāro
aññatarasmiṃ āvāse vass’ūpagatānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ gāmo corehi vuṭṭhāsi.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| aññatarasmiṃ | adj | masc.loc.sg | in a certain |
| āvāse | noun | masc.loc.sg | in home, dwelling place, residence |
| vassa- | noun | rainy season, monsoon | |
| upagatānaṃ | pp | of taken, undertaken, underwent | |
| bhikkhūnaṃ | noun | masc.gen.pl | of monks |
| gāmo | noun | masc.nom.sg | village |
| corehi | noun | masc.ins.pl | by thieves, because of thieves |
| vuṭṭhāsi. | verb | aor.3.sg | arose (from), emerged (from), went out (from) |
(Near to) the monks who spending the rainy season in a sertain residence, the village went out (from its place) because of thieves.
- VIN 3.3.6 bhikkhunīvibhaṅgo
upāsakā bhikkhunisaṅghassa cīvar’atthāya chandakaṃ saṃharitvā, aññatarassa pāvārikassa ghare parikkhāraṃ nikkhipitvā, bhikkhuniyo upasaṅkamitvā etadavocuṃ
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| upāsakā | noun | masc.nom.pl | lay disciples, lay devotees, lit. who sit near |
| bhikkhunisaṅghassa | noun | masc.dat.sg | for community of nuns |
| cīvara- | noun | robe, cloth, robe-cloth | |
| atthāya | noun | masc.dat.sg | for the purpose (of), for the sake (of), for the benefit (of) |
| chandakaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | voluntary collection, free-will offering, general collection |
| saṃharitvā, | verb | abs | having collected, having brought together |
| aññatarassa | adj | masc.gen.sg | of a certain |
| pāvārikassa | noun | masc.gen.sg | of wool dealer, cloak seller, personal name |
| ghare | noun | nt.loc.sg | in house, home, household |
| parikkhāraṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | requisite, requirement, accessory |
| nikkhipitvā, | verb | abs | having put down, having dropped, having set aside |
| bhikkhuniyo | noun | fem.acc.pl | nuns |
| upasaṅkamitvā | verb | abs | having approached, having gone (to) |
| etad-avocuṃ | verb | aor.3.pl | they said this |
Lay disciples collected free-will offering for robe-cloth of the nuns community, kept requisites in a certain cloak seller’s house, approached nuns, they said this:...
- KN 14.351 JA 351 maṇikuṇḍala jātaka
jīno rath’assaṃ maṇikuṇḍale ca, putte ca dāre ca that’eva jīno.
sabbesu bhogesu asesitesu, kasmā na santappasi sokakāle.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| jīno | pp | masc.nom.sg | deprived of, having lost, lit: conquered |
| ratha- | noun | chariot, coach, carriage, wagon, cart | |
| assaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | horse |
| maṇikuṇḍale | noun | masc.acc.pl | jewels and jewellery, gems and rings |
| ca, | ind | and | |
| putte | noun | masc.acc.pl | sons, children |
| ca | ind | and | |
| dāre | noun | masc.acc.pl | wifes |
| ca | ind | and | |
| that’eva | ind | likewise, in the same way | |
| jīno. | pp | masc.nom.sg | deprived of, having lost, lit: conquered |
| sabbesu | adj | masc.loc.pl | in all |
| bhogesu | noun | masc.loc.pl | in wealth, possessions, property, riches |
| asesitesu | adj | masc.loc.pl | in without remainder, entire, whole all |
| kasmā | ind | why? lit. from what? from where? | |
| na | ind | not | |
| santappasi | verb | pr.2.sg | you grieve, sorrow, lit: are heated |
| sokakāle. | noun | masc.loc.sg | in time of sorrow, occasion of grief |
Deprived of horse and chariot, gems and rings, child and wife - deprived of all entire benefits - Why you not grief in the time of sorrow?
Class 54¶
- MN 129 bālapaṇḍita sutta
appamattako so kaliggaho yaṃ so akkhadhutto paṭhamen’eva kaliggahena puttam’pi jīyetha, dāram’pi jīyetha, sabbaṃ sāpateyyam’pi jīyetha, uttari’pi adhibandhaṃ nigaccheyya.
atha kho ayam’eva tato mahantataro kaliggaho yaṃ so bālo kāyena duccaritaṃ caritvā vācāya duccaritaṃ caritvā manasā duccaritaṃ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati.
However greater than that unlucky cast when the foolish man having misconduct onself with body, with speech, with mind, when (his) body breaking, after death, he re-arises in bad destination, in the state of suffering, in the hell.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| appamattako | adj | masc.nom.sg | small, insignificant, minute, tiny, lit. small measure |
| so | pron | masc.nom.sg | that |
| kaṭaggaho | noun | masc.nom.sg | lucky die, lucky cast, winning, victory |
| yaṃ | pron | masc.acc.sg | whoever, that which |
| so | pron | masc.nom.sg | that |
| akkhadhutto | noun | masc.nom.sg | gambler, who is addicted to gambling, lit. dice corrupted |
| paṭhamen’eva | adj | masc.ins.sg | just with first |
| kaliggahena | noun | masc.ins.sg | with bad luck, ill fortune |
| puttam’pi | noun | masc.acc.sg | and son, child |
| jīyetha, | verb | opt.3.sg | could be defeated (in), could suffer loss (in), would become deprived (from) |
| dāram’pi | noun | masc.acc.sg | and wife |
| jīyetha, | verb | opt.3.sg | could be defeated (in), could suffer loss (in), would become deprived (from) |
| sabbaṃ | adj | nt.acc.sg | all, every, whole, entire, complete |
| sāpateyyam’pi | noun | nt.acc.sg | one’s own property, wealth, lit: one’s own what could be controlled |
| jīyetha, | verb | opt.3.sg | could be defeated (in), could suffer loss (in), would become deprived (from) |
| uttari’pi | ind | and more (than), moreover, further (than), beyond | |
| adhibandhaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | great bondage, servitude |
| nigaccheyya. | verb | opt.3.sg | could suffer, would experience, could undergoe, would fall (into) |
Insignificant that unlucky cast such as, when gambler just by first bad luck could lost cild, wife, all his property and moreover undergo into bondage.
- TH 223 sabbakāmi theragāthā
kāmesv’ādīnavaṃ disvā, nekkhammaṃ daṭṭhu khemato.
nissaṭo sabbakāmehi, patto me āsavakkhayo”ti.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| kāmesu- | noun | masc.loc.pl | in pleasures, sensual pleasures |
| ādīnavaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | danger (in), disadvantage (of), risk (of), peril (in) |
| disvā, | verb | abs | having seen, having understood, having found out |
| nekkhammaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | renunciation, giving up (worldly things), lit. state of going out |
| daṭṭhu | noun | masc.nom.sg | who sees |
| khemato. | ind | as safety, as peace, as rest, as sanctuary | |
| nissaṭo | pp | masc.nom.sg | escaped (from), free (from), released (from) |
| sabbakāmehi, | noun | masc.abl.pl | from all sensuality, sensual pleasures |
| patto | pp | masc.nom.sg | attained, reached, gained, accomplished, found |
me pron 1.ins.sg by me
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| āsavakkhayo”ti. | noun | masc.nom.sg | wearing away of the effluents |
Having seen the danger in sensual pleasure, one who sees renunciation as peace. Released from all sensuality, wearing away of the effluents reached by me.
- DN 5.4 kūṭadanta sutta
“aham’etaṃ dassukhīlaṃ vadhena vā bandhena vā jāniyā vā garahāya vā pabbājanāya vā samūhanissāmī”ti
“ahaṃ- pron 1.nom.sg I
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| etaṃ | pron | masc.acc.sg | this |
| dassu-khīlaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | brigandage, robber plague |
| vadhena | noun | masc.ins.sg | by beating, punishment |
| vā | ind | or | |
| bandhena | noun | masc.ins.sg | by capture, imprisonment, incarceration |
| vā | ind | or | |
| jāniyā | noun | fem.ins.sg | by deprivation, loss, confiscation of property |
| vā | ind | or | |
| garahāya | noun | fem.ins.sg | by blame, criticism |
| vā | ind | or | |
| pabbājanāya | noun | nt.dat.sg | for banishment, ostracism, exile ? |
| vā | ind | or | |
| samūhanissāmī”ti | verb | fut.1.sg | I will uproot, eradicate, exterminate, utterly destroy |
I will uproot this plague of robbers by punishment or by imprisonment or by confiscation or by criticism or by banishment.
- DN 3.7 ambaṭṭha sutta
sakyā kho pana, ambaṭṭha, rājānaṃ okkākaṃ pitāmahaṃ dahanti.
Ambaṭṭha, but the Sakyans consider king Okkāka (their) paternal grandfather.
- SN 22.80 piṇḍolya sutta
atha kho bhagavā kismiñcid'eva pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇāmetvā, pubb'aṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaram'ādāya kapilavatthuṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi
And then the Blessed One having dismissed the community of the monks in some matter, early in the morning dressed, took one’s bowl and robe, and went into Kapilavatthu for alms.
- MN 91 brahmāyu sutta
evaṃ vutte, brahmāyu brāhmaṇo uṭṭh'āyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā, yena bhagavā ten'añjaliṃ paṇāmetvā tikkhattuṃ udānaṃ udāneti
When this was said, the brahmin Brahmāyu rose from his seat, and after arranging his upper robe on one shoulder, he extended his hands in reverential salutation towards the Blessed One and uttered this exclamation three times:
- Vin 4.1.49 tiracchānagatavatthu
atha kho so bhikkhu vihāraṃ pavisissāmī’ti kavāṭaṃ paṇāmento addasa sabbaṃ vihāraṃ ahinā puṇṇaṃ, vātapānehi bhoge nikkhante, disvāna bhīto vissaram’akāsi.
And then that monk (thinking) “I will enter the dwelling” opening the door saw all dwelling filled with snake, his coils gone out through windows. Having seen that, he become afraid and made cry of distress.
- MN 65 bhaddāli sutta
‘ehi me tvaṃ, bhikkhu, paṅke saṅkamo hohī’ti
Monk, come! Be a bridge in the mud for me!
- AN 5.58 licchavikumāraka sutta
“ime, bhante, licchavi-kumārakā caṇḍā pharusā apānubhā ... kul’itthīnam’pi kulakumārīnam’pi pacchāliyaṃ khipanti.
Venerable, these Licchavi youths are savage, rough and greedy … they strike on backs of womans and girls of good family.
- MN 55 jīvakasuttaṃ
taṃ samaṇo gotamo jānaṃ uddissakataṃ maṃsaṃ paribhuñjati paṭiccakamman””ti.
The ascetic Gotama knowingly uses meat obtained from an animal killed especially for his sake, a deed done on his account.’"
- MN 65 bhaddāli sutta
“ko nu kho, bhante, hetu, ko paccayo yena idh’ekaccaṃ bhikkhuṃ pasayha pasayha {pavayha pavayha} kāraṇaṃ karonti?
What indeed, Venerable Sir, is the reason? What is the cause when they forcibly {continuously} make (legal) action against some monk?
- MN 122 mahāsuññata sutta
na vo ahaṃ, ānanda, tathā parakkamissāmi yathā kumbhakāro āmake āmakamatte. niggayha niggayh’āhaṃ, ānanda, vakkhāmi; pavayha pavayha, ānanda, vakkhāmi. yo sāro so ṭhassatī”ti.
I shall not undertake an effort towards you like the potter towards raw and unbaked clay vessels. I will admonish you repeatedly restraining you. I will admonish you constantly and continuously. Those who are strong will remain.
- MN 55 jīvakasutta
“yo kho, jīvaka, tathāgataṃ vā tathāgatasāvakaṃ vā uddissa pāṇaṃ ārabhati so pañcahi ṭhānehi bahuṃ apuññaṃ pasavati.
Whoever for the sake of Tathāgata or His disciples kills living beings, he generates much demerit by five cases.
- AN 4.190 uposathasutta
yathārūpaṃ parisaṃ alaṃ yojanagaṇanāni’pi dassanāya gantuṃ api puṭ’aṃsenā’pi, tathārūpo ayaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhusaṅgho
Such kind of assembly is worth going number of yojanas in order to see, even with the shoulder-bag, of such quality this community of monks.
- VIN 1.1.1 paṭhamapārājika
“idaṃ te, tāta sudinna, mātu mattikaṃ, itthikāya itthidhanaṃ, aññaṃ pettikaṃ aññaṃ pitāmahaṃ.
This is, son Sudinna, came from your mother, woman’s dowry, it is different from father’s, different from grandfather’s (wealth).
- SN 22.95 pheṇapiṇḍūpama sutta
seyyathā’pi, bhikkhave, māyākāro vā māyākār’antevāsī vā catu-mahāpathe māyaṃ vidaṃseyya.
Imagine if illusionist or his apprentice could demonstrate magic on the crossroads.
- AN 4.244 āpattibhaya sutta
‘ahaṃ, bhante, pāpakammaṃ akāsiṃ gārayhaṃ mosallaṃ, yena me āyasmanto attamanā honti taṃ karomī’ti.
Sirs, I done bad deed, blameworthy and punishable. What would be pleasant for sirs, that I will do.
- SN 17.2 baḷisa sutta
evañ’hi so, bhikkhave, maccho gilabaḷiso bāḷisikassa anayaṃ āpanno byasanaṃ āpanno yathākāmakaraṇīyo bāḷisikassa”.
Thus indeed that fish who has swallowed the hook, met with trouble, met with calamity and the fisherman can do with it as he wish.
- MN 70 kīṭāgiri sutta
saddhassa, bhikkhave, sāvakassa satthusāsane pariyogāya vattato rumhaniyaṃ satthusāsanaṃ hoti ojavantaṃ.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| saddhassa, | adj | masc.dat.sg | for faithful, confident, believing |
| sāvakassa | noun | masc.dat.sg | for disciple, pupil, follower |
| satthusāsane | noun | nt.loc.sg | in teacher’s instruction, teacher’s message, teacher’s doctrine |
| pariyogāya | verb | ger | penetrating, scrutinizing, fully examining, lit. completely plunging down |
| vattato | prp | masc.dat.sg | for proceeding, continuing, going forward, practicing |
| rumhaniyaṃ | adj | nt.nom.sg | refreshing, furthering growth, prosperous |
| satthusāsanaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | teacher’s instruction, teacher’s message, teacher’s doctrine |
| hoti | verb | pr.3.sg | is, there is |
| ojavantaṃ. | adj | nt.nom.sg | nutritious, nourishing, juicy |
For a confident disciple who is practicing penetrating the Teacher's message, the Teacher's message is nourishing and refreshing.
- MN 65 bhaddāli sutta
so bhikkhūhi vuccamāno aññenaññaṃ paṭicarati, bahiddhā kathaṃ apanāmeti, kopañ’ca dosañ’ca appaccayañ’ca pātukaroti, na sammā vattati, na lomaṃ pāteti, na netthāraṃ vattati, ‘yena saṅgho attamano hoti taṃ karomī’ti n’āha.
When monk being corrected by the another monks he evades, diverts conversation outwardly, shows anger, hatred, and discontent, he does not proceed rightly, he does not comply (lit. let one’s hair drop), he does not clear himself from blame, he does not say: ‘With whatever Community will be satisfied, let me do so.’
- MN 112 chabbisodhanasuttaṃ
musāvādaṃ pahāya musāvādā paṭivirato ahosiṃ saccavādī saccasandho theto paccayiko avisaṃvādako lokassa.
Abandoning false speech, I abstained from false speech; truthful, reliable, trustworthy, and dependable, one who is not breaking one’s word of the world.