Verses¶
From the Elder Pārāpariya
Pārāpariya-thera-gāthā
[TH 257]
aññathā loka-nāthamhi, tiṭṭhante purisuttame.
iriyaṃ āsi bhikkhūnaṃ, aññathā dāni dissati.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| aññathā | ind | adv | in a different manner, otherwise, differently |
| loka-nāthamhi | noun | masc.loc.sg (abs) | when the Protector, Lord of the world (Epithet of the Buddha) |
| tiṭṭhante | prp | masc.loc.sg (abs) | when remaining, persisting, living lit. standing |
| purisa-uttame | noun | masc.loc.sg (abs) | when the Greatest Man |
differently, when the Protector of the world, the Greatest Man was remaining (here),
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| iriyaṃ | noun | fem.acc.sg | deportment, behaviour |
| āsi | verb | aor.3.sg | it was |
| bhikkhūnaṃ | noun | masc.gen.pl | of monks |
| aññathā | ind | adv | in a different manner, otherwise, differently |
| dāni | ind | adv | now |
| dissati | verb | pr.3.sg | seems; appears, is seen |
the deportment of monks was (different), it seems different now
sīta-vāta-parittāṇaṃ, hirikopīna-chādanaṃ.
matt-aṭṭhiyaṃ abhuñjiṃsu, santuṭṭhā itarītare.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| sītavātaparittāṇaṃ | nt.n.s | protection from cold and wind | |
| >sīta- | noun | cool; cold. | |
| >vāta- | noun | wind | |
| >parittāṇaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | protection, refuge, safety |
| hirikopīnachādanaṃ | nt.n.s | covering that which arouses shyness | |
| >hirikopīna- | noun | that which arouses shyness, private parts | |
| >chādanaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | covering; clothing |
(their robs) were protection from cold and wind, and covering of the private parts
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| mattaṭṭhiyaṃ | ind | adv | in moderation; moderately; lit. measure seeking |
| >mattā- | noun | moderation | |
| >aṭṭhiyaṃ | adj | masc.acc.sg | desirous of; seeking for, having a purpose of |
| abhuñjiṃsu | verb | aor.3.pl | they ate |
| santuṭṭhā | pp | masc.nom.pl | satisfied, pleased, content |
| itarītare | adj | masc.loc.sg | in any whatsoever, any kind of, lit: in another and another |
they ate in moderation, were satisfied with any kind of (offerings, food)
paṇītaṃ yadi vā lūkhaṃ, appaṃ vā yadi vā bahuṃ.
yāpan'atthaṃ abhuñjiṃsu, agiddhā n'ādhimucchitā.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| paṇītaṃ | adj | nt.nom.sg | (what is) excellent; delicious |
| yadi | ind | if, even, even if, perhaps | |
| vā | ind | or, either | |
| lūkhaṃ | adj | nt.nom.sg | (what is) rough, coarse, poor quality |
| appaṃ | adj | nt.nom.sg | (what is) small; little; insignificant |
| vā | ind | or, either | |
| yadi | ind | if, even, even if, perhaps | |
| vā | ind | or, either | |
| bahuṃ | adj | nt.nom.sg | much; many |
if excellent or even poor quality, if much or only a little
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| yāpanatthaṃ | |||
| yāpanatthaṃ | ind | adv | to sustain oneself; to keep going; lit. for the sake of sustenance |
| > yāpana- | noun | nourishment, sustenance, preservation, upkeep, support (of the body), lit. cause to go | |
| > atthaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | purpose, use, function |
| abhuñjiṃsu, | verb | aor.3.pl | they ate |
| agiddhā | adj | masc.nom.pl | without greed, without desire |
| nādhimucchitā. | |||
| >na- | neg | not | |
| >adhimucchitā | pp | masc.nom.pl | highly greedy, fixated on, infatuated with |
they ate for the purpose of nourishment (of the body), without greed and without infatuation.
jīvitānaṃ parikkhāre, bhesajje atha paccaye.
na bāḷhaṃ ussukā āsuṃ, yathā te āsavakkhaye.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| jīvitānaṃ | noun | nt.gen.pl | of life, living, livelihood |
| parikkhāre | noun | masc.acc.pl | requisites; accessories |
| bhesajje | noun | nt.acc.pl | medicines |
| atha | ind | then, also, and so, after that | |
| paccaye | noun | nt.acc.pl | supports, requisites, necessities |
requirements of life, medicines and also (other) supports
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| na | neg | not | |
| bāḷhaṃ | ind | adv | strongly; excessively; overly |
| ussukā | adj | masc.nom.pl | zealously desiring; ambitious; anxiously striving; anxious; agitated |
| āsuṃ | verb | aor.3.pl | they were |
| yathā | ind | as; like; in relation to; just as | |
| te | pron | masc.nom.pl | those, they |
| āsavakkhaye | adj | masc.acc.pl | extinction of the effluents, defilements |
they were not overly zealously desiring, just as they (zealously desired) extinction of the effluents.
araññe rukkhamūlesu, kandarāsu guhāsu ca.
vivekam'anubrūhantā, vihaṃsu tap'parāyanā.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| araññe | noun | nt.loc.sg | in forest |
| rukkhamūlesu | noun | nt.loc.pl | nearthe foots of trees |
| kandarāsu | noun | masc.loc.pl | in grottoes, gorges |
| guhāsu | noun | fem.loc.pl | in caves; caverns. |
| ca | conj | and |
in the forest, at the foots of trees, in grottos and caves,
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| vivekam'anubrūhantā | prp | masc.nom.pl | continuously developing (mental) seclusion |
| >vivekaṃ- | noun | masc.acc.sg | seclusion |
| >anubrūhantā | prp | masc.nom.pl | continuously increasing, spreading cultivating, developing |
| vihaṃsu | verb | aor.3.pl | they lived |
| tap'parāyanā | adj | masc.nom.pl | having that as one's goal; focussed on that |
| >taṃ- | pron | masc.acc.sg | that, it |
| >parāyanā | adj | masc.nom.pl | destined for, culminating in, sloping to lit. going beyond |
continuously developing (mental) seclusion, they lived having that as a goal.
nīcā niviṭṭhā subharā, mudū atthaddha-mānasā.
abyāsekā amukharā, attha-cintā vas'ānugā.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| nīcā | adj | masc.nom.pl | humble |
| niviṭṭhā | adj | masc.nom.pl | established in, settled in, entrenched in |
| subharā | adj | masc.nom.pl | easy to support |
| mudū | adj | masc.nom.pl | flexible, pliable, malleable, plastic, soft, mild |
| atthaddhamānasā | adj | not with arrogant mind | |
| >na- | neg | not | |
| >thaddha- | adj | proud, arrogant, selfish; lit. stiff, hard | |
| >mānasā | noun | masc.ins.sg | with mind |
humble, settled, easy to support and not with arrogant mind
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| abyāsekā | adj | masc.nom.pl | un-defiled, untouched, unimpaired |
| amukharā | adj | masc.nom.pl | not garrulous; not talkative |
| atthacintā | adj | masc.nom.pl | intent on the goal; (or) thinking of the meaning |
| attha- | goal, welfare, benefit | ||
| cintā | noun | fem.nom.pl | "the act of thinking", thought |
| vas'ānugā | adj | masc.nom.pl | obedient (to); subservient (to); under the control (of); subject (to) |
undefiled, not talkative, they subject to beneficial thoughts.
tato pāsādikaṃ āsi, gataṃ bhuttaṃ nisevitaṃ.
siniddhā tela-dhārā'va, ahosi iriyāpatho.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| tato | ind | adv | therefore, lit: from there |
| pāsādikaṃ | adj | nt.nom.sg | inspiring confidence |
| āsi | verb | aor.3.sg | was |
| gataṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | walking, moving |
| bhuttaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | eating |
| nisevitaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | practicing |
therefore (their) walking, eating and practicing were inspiring confidence,
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| siniddhā | pp | masc.nom.pl | smooth, pliable; soft |
| teladhārāva | as stream of oil | ||
| >tela- | noun | nt | oil |
| >dhārā- | noun | fem.nom.sg | stream, flow |
| >va | ind | like, as | |
| ahosi | verb | aor.3.sg | it was |
| iriyāpatho | noun | masc.nom.sg | way of carrying oneself, range of postures, mode of deportment |
(their) way of deportment was smooth, like the flow of oil
yathā kaṇṭaka-ṭ'ṭhānamhi, careyya anupāhano.
satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvāna, evaṃ gāme munī care.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| yathā | ind | as; like; just as. | |
| kaṇṭaka- | noun | thorn, thorny | |
| ṭ'ṭhānamhi | noun | nt.loc.sg | in place; locality |
| careyya | verb | opt.3.sg | could, would walk, move |
| anupāhano | adj | masc.nom.sg | without shoes, barefoot |
like one would walk without shoes in a thorny place,
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| satiṃ | noun | fem.acc.sg | mindfulness |
| upaṭṭhapetvāna, | verb | abs | having caused to attend, having set up, having made sure is present |
| evaṃ | ind | thus; in this way | |
| gāme | noun | masc.loc.sg | in village |
| munī | noun | masc.nom.sg | sage, monk, hermit |
| care | verb | opt.3.sg | could walk, should move |
he establishes mindfulness, in this way a monk should walk in the village
saritvā pubbake yogī, tesaṃ vattam'anussaraṃ.
kiñcāpi pacchimo kālo, phuseyya amataṃ padaṃ.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| saritvā | verb | abs | having remembered |
| pubbake | adj | masc.acc.pl | ancient, of old, former |
| yogī | noun | masc.acc.pl | meditators, practitioners |
| tesaṃ | pron | masc.gen.pl | of them, their |
| vattam- | noun | custom, practice, way of life, behavior | |
| anussaraṃ | prp | masc.nom.sg | remembering, recollecting |
having remembered former meditators, recollecting their behavior
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| kiñcāpi | ind | however much, even if, even though | |
| pacchimo | adj | masc.nom.pl | latest, last, final |
| kālo | noun | masc.nom.sg | time, occasion |
| phuseyya | verb | opt.3.sg | could touche; reach; attain |
| amataṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | deathless |
| padaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | place, position, state |
even if there is a last moment, one could reach the Deathless state