Teachings¶
The Seven Factors of Awakening
Satta-sambojjhaṅgā
[SN 46.19]
satt'ime, bhikkhave, bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā bahulīkatā ariyā niyyānikā nīyanti takkarassa sammā dukkhakkhayāya.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| satta- | adj | seven | |
| ime | pron | masc.nom.pl | these |
| bojjhaṅgā | noun | masc.nom.pl | elements of awakening, factors of enlightenment |
| bhāvitā | pp | masc.nom.pl | cultivated, developed, lit. caused to be |
| bahulīkatā | adj | masc.nom.pl | practised often, devoted oneself to lit. made much of |
| ariyā | adj | masc.nom.pl | noble, distinguished |
| ariyā | adj | fem.nom.sg | noble, distinguished |
| niyyānikā | adj | fem.nom.sg | redemptive, salvatory, leading to deliverance lit. leading out |
| nīyanti | verb | pr.3.pl | go out, go forth (to); leading to |
| takkarassa | adj | masc.dat.sg | for who does that, doing that, who practices in accordance with that |
| sammā | ind | completely, thoroughly, fully, totally | |
| dukkhakkhayāya | noun | masc.dat.sg | for destruction of suffering, termination of misery |
O monks, these seven factors of awakening, cultivated and practised often, are noble and redemptive, and lead one who practises in accordance with that to the complete destruction of suffering.
[SN 46.3]
ye te, bhikkhave, bhikkhū sīlasampannā samādhisampannā ñāṇasampannā vimuttisampannā vimuttiñāṇadassana-sampannā, dassanam'p'āhaṃ, bhikkhave, tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ bahukāraṃ vadāmi
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| ye | pron | masc.nom.pl | whoever, whichever |
| te | pron | masc.nom.pl | those, they |
| bhikkhū | noun | masc.nom.pl | monks |
| sīlasampannā | adj | masc.nom.pl | accomplished in virtue, of excellent morality |
| samādhisampannā | adj | masc.nom.pl | accomplished in stability of mind, skilled in mental stillness |
| ñāṇasampannā | adj | masc.nom.pl | accomplished in understanding, skilled in insight |
| vimuttisampannā | adj | masc.nom.pl | accomplished in emancipation, skilled in liberation |
| vimuttiñāṇadassana- | noun | nt | total understanding of emancipation, knowing and seeing of release, knowledge and vision of liberation |
| sampannā | adj | masc.nom.pl | succeeded, prospered, accomplished |
| dassanaṃ- | noun | nt.acc.sg | sight (of), vision (of), appearance (of) |
| api | ind | even, even then | |
| ahaṃ | pron | 1.nom.sg | I |
| tesaṃ | pron | masc.gen.pl | their, of these, of them, of those |
| bhikkhūnaṃ | noun | masc.gen.pl | of monks, mendicants, lit. beggars |
| bahukāraṃ | adj | nt.acc.sg | very useful, extremely helpful, of great service, lit. doing much |
| vadāmi | verb | pr.1.sg | I say, I tell, I speak |
Those monks, who are accomplished in virtue, accomplished in stability of mind, accomplished in understanding, accomplished in emancipation, accomplished in knowledge and vision of liberation. Even the sight of those monks is extremely helpful, I say.
savanam'p'āhaṃ, upasaṅkamanam'p'āhaṃ, payirupāsanam'p'āhaṃ, anussatim'p'āhaṃ, anupabbajjam'p'āhaṃ
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| savanam- | noun | nt.acc.sg | hearing, listening (to) |
| api | ind | even, even then | |
| ahaṃ | pron | 1.nom.sg | I |
| upasaṅkamanam- | noun | nt.acc.sg | approaching, visiting |
| api | ind | even, even then | |
| ahaṃ | pron | 1.nom.sg | I |
| payirupāsanam- | noun | nt.acc.sg | associating closely (with), attending (to) lit. sitting around near |
| api | ind | even, even then | |
| ahaṃ | pron | 1.nom.sg | I |
| anussatim- | noun | fem.acc.sg | memory (of), recollection (of) |
| api | ind | even, even then | |
| ahaṃ | pron | 1.nom.sg | I |
| anupabbajjam- | noun | fem.acc.sg | following into the monastic life, going forth after |
| api | ind | even, even then | |
| ahaṃ | pron | 1.nom.sg | I |
even listening to (them), even approaching (them), even associating closely with (them), even recollecting (them), even going forth after (them is helpful)
taṃ kissa hetu? tathārūpānaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ dhammaṃ sutvā dvayena vūpakāsena vūpakaṭṭho viharati — kāyavūpakāsena ca cittavūpakāsena ca.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| taṃ | pron | masc.acc.sg | that |
| kissa | pron | masc.dat.sg | for what?; for what reason?; why? |
| hetu | noun | masc.nom.sg | reason, cause |
what's the reason for that? why is that?
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| tathārūpānaṃ | adj | masc.gen.pl | of such, so formed, of such quality |
| bhikkhūnaṃ | noun | masc.gen.pl | of monks |
| dhammaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | the Teaching, Doctrine |
| sutvā | verb | abs | having heard, having listened (to) |
| dvayena | noun | nt.ins.sg | by two kinds, pair, couple, dyad |
| vūpakāsena | noun | masc.ins.sg | by seclusion, isolation, solitude |
| vūpakaṭṭho | adj | masc.nom.sg | secluded, isolated, withdrawn |
| viharati | verb | pr.3.sg | lives, stays, remains, continues |
| kāyavūpakāsena | noun | masc.ins.sg | by physical seclusion, bodily isolation |
| ca | ind | and | |
| cittavūpakāsena | noun | masc.ins.sg | by mental seclusion, mental isolation |
| ca | ind | and |
Having heard the Teaching of such monks, one dwells secluded by two kinds of solitude, by physical seclusion and by mental seclusion.
so tathā vūpakaṭṭho viharanto taṃ dhammaṃ anussarati anuvitakketi.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| so | pron | masc.nom.sg | he |
| tathā | ind | so, thus, in such a way, likewise, similarly | |
| vūpakaṭṭho | adj | masc.nom.sg | secluded, isolated, withdrawn |
| viharanto | prp | masc.nom.sg | living, staying, remaining, continuing |
| taṃ | pron | masc.acc.sg | that |
| dhammaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | the Teaching, Doctrine |
| anussarati | verb | pr.3.sg | remembers, recollects, bears in mind |
| anuvitakketi | verb | pr.3.sg | ponders (over), reflects (on), rethinks reconsiders |
Dwelling secluded in such a way, he recollects and reflects on that teaching.
so tathā sato viharanto taṃ dhammaṃ paññāya pavicinati pavicarati parivīmaṃsam'āpajjati.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| so | pron | masc.nom.sg | he |
| tathā | ind | so, thus, in such a way, likewise, similarly | |
| sato | adj | masc.nom.sg | mindful, present, attentive |
| viharanto | prp | masc.nom.sg | living, staying, remaining, continuing |
| taṃ | pron | masc.acc.sg | that |
| dhammaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | the Teaching, Doctrine |
| paññāya | noun | fem.ins.sg | by wisdom, with intelligence, by understanding, with insight |
| pavicinati | verb | pr.3.sg | investigates, examines, tests |
| pavicarati | verb | pr.3.sg | examines, investigates, considers carefully |
| parivīmaṃsaṃ- | noun | fem | thorough investigation, complete examination, lit. all around investigation |
| āpajjati | verb | pr.3.sg | arouses, exhibits, produces, engages in brings into being |
Dwelling mindful in such a way, he investigates with wisdom this teaching, considers carefully, and produces a complete examination.
tassa taṃ dhammaṃ paññāya pavicinato pavicarato parivīmaṃsamāpajjato āraddhaṃ hoti vīriyaṃ asallīnaṃ.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| tassa | pron | masc.dat.sg | for one |
| taṃ | pron | masc.acc.sg | that |
| dhammaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | the Teaching, Doctrine |
| paññāya | noun | fem.ins.sg | by wisdom, with intelligence, by understanding, with insight |
| pavicinato | prp | masc.dat.sg | for investigating, examining, testing |
| pavicarato | prp | masc.dat.sg | for examining, investigating, considering carefully |
| parivīmaṃsaṃ- | noun | fem | thorough investigation, complete examination, lit. all-around investigation |
| āpajjato | prp | masc.dat.sg | for arousing, exhibiting, producing bringing into being |
| āraddhaṃ | pp | nt.nom.sg | aroused, applied |
| hoti | verb | pr.3.sg | there is |
| vīriyaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | effort, energy, might, power |
| asallīnaṃ | adj | nt.nom.sg | active, without sluggishness |
For one who investigates with wisdom this teaching, considers carefully, and produces complete examination, there is effort arises without sluggishness.
āraddhavīriyassa uppajjati pīti nirāmisā
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| āraddhavīriyassa | adj | masc.dat.sg | for energetic (in), with energy aroused (to) applying energy (to), making an effort (to) |
| uppajjati | verb | pr.3.sg | appears, arises, takes place |
| pīti | noun | fem.nom.sg | delight, joy, rapture, bliss |
| nirāmisā | adj | fem.nom.sg | not worldly, spiritual, non-physical lit. not fleshly |
For one who is energetic, spiritual delight arises.
pītimanassa kāyopi passambhati cittampi passambhati
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| pītimanassa | adj | masc.dat.sg | for delighted, exhilarated, thrilled lit. enraptured mind |
| kāyo- | noun | masc.nom.sg | body |
| api | ind | and, even, even then | |
| passambhati | verb | pr.3.sg | calms down, relaxes |
| cittam- | noun | nt.nom.sg | mind |
| api | ind | and, even, even then | |
| passambhati | verb | pr.3.sg | calms down, relaxes |
For one with delighted mind, body calms down and mind calms down.
passaddhakāyassa sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| passaddhakāyassa | adj | masc.dat.sg | for one with relaxed body, calm body |
| sukhino | adj | masc.dat.sg | for one at ease, happy, comfortable |
| cittaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | mind, heart |
| samādhiyati | verb | pr.3.sg | is calmed, becomes collected, becomes composed, becomes stable |
For one with relaxed body and who at ease, mind becomes composed.
so tathāsamāhitaṃ cittaṃ sādhukaṃ ajjhupekkhitā hoti
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| so | pron | masc.nom.sg | he |
| tathā- | ind | so, thus, in such a way, likewise, similarly | |
| samāhitaṃ | adj | masc.nom.sg | composed, centered, settled, collected |
| cittaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | mind, heart |
| sādhukaṃ | ind | well, thoroughly, fully | |
| ajjhupekkhitā | noun | masc.nom.sg | who looks on indifferently, who observes equanimously |
| hoti | verb | pr.3.sg | is |
He is one who looks on with equanimity at the mind thus composed.
[SN 46.22]
ime kho bhikkhave satta bojjhaṅgā ti
O monks, these are the seven factors of awakening.