Teachings¶
The Buddha's Final Instruction
Buddha-pacchima-ovāda
[DN 16.36]
siyā kho tumhākaṃ evam'assa
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| siyā | verb | opt.3rd.sg | could be; may be |
| kho | ind | indeed | |
| tumhākaṃ | pron | 2nd.dat.pl | for you |
| evaṃ'assa | idiom | this would occur to |
It could be this would occur to you:
atītasatthukaṃ pāvacanaṃ, n'atthi no satthā’ti.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| atītasatthukaṃ | adj | nt.nom.sg | with a dead teacher; whose teacher has passed away |
| (or) | |||
| atīta- | has passed | ||
| satthukaṃ | adj | nt.nom.sg | of the master; coming from the teacher |
| pāvacanaṃ, | noun | nt.nom.sg | scripture; word |
| n'atthi | verb | pr.3.sg | there is no |
| no | pron | 1st.dat.pl | for us |
| satthā’ti. | noun | masc.nom.sg | teacher |
“The teaching is without a Teacher, there is no Teacher for us”
(or)
“The Teacher’s word has passed, there is no Teacher for us”
yo vo mayā dhammo ca vinayo ca desito paññatto so vo mam'accayena satthā
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| yo | pron | masc.nom.sg | whatever |
| vo | pron | 2.dat.pl | for you all |
| mayā | pron | 1.ins.sg | by me |
| dhammo | noun | masc.nom.sg | Teaching |
| ca | ind | and | |
| vinayo | noun | masc.nom.sg | Discipline |
| ca | ind | and | |
| desito | pp | masc.nom.sg | preached, taught, explained, instructed |
| paññatto | pp | masc.nom.sg | formulated, prescribed, decreed, declared |
| so | pron | masc.nom.sg | that |
| vo | pron | 2.dat.pl | for you all |
| mama- | pron | 1.gen.sg | of me, my |
| accayena | ind | after the passing (of), after the lapse (of) | lit. with gone past |
| satthā | noun | masc.nom.sg | master, teacher |
Ānanda, whatever Teaching and Discipline was explained and formulated by me to you, that will be a teacher for you after my passing away.
[DN 16.21]
handa dāni bhikkhave āmantayāmi vo
vayadhammā saṅkhārā
appamādena sampādetha
ayaṃ tathāgatassa pacchimā vācā
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| handa | ind | come on! come now! | |
| dāni | ind | now, immediately | |
| bhikkhave | noun | voc.pl | o monks! |
| āmantayāmi | verb | pr.1.sg | I addresse, speak (to), tell, inform |
| vo | pron | 2.acc.pl | you all |
| vayadhammā | adj | masc.nom.pl | naturally disappearing, liable to disintegrate |
| saṅkhārā | noun | masc.nom.pl | condition, construction, fabrication |
| appamādena | noun | masc.ins.sg | with carefulness, caution, vigilance diligence, conscientiousness, heedfulness |
| sampādetha | verb | imp.2.pl | you presse on, cause to accomplish, strive to achieve, trie to accomplish one's purpose |
| ayaṃ | pron | masc.nom.sg | this |
| tathāgatassa | noun | masc.gen.sg | of Such Become, thus gone |
| pacchimā | adj | fem.nom.sg | last, final |
| vācā | noun | fem.nom.sg | speech, words, statement |
come now, o monks! I declare to you: condition phenomena are of the liable to disintegrate, strive for a goal with heedfulness”. This is final statement of the Tathāgata.