Cardinal Suttas¶
Āditta-Pariyāya-Sutta
The Fire Sermon
[SN 35.28]
evaṃ me sutaṃ ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā gayāyaṃ viharati gayāsīse saddhiṃ bhikkhusahassena. tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi:
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| evaṃ- | ind | thus; in this way | |
| me | pron | masc.ins.sg | by me |
| sutaṃ: | pp | masc.acc.sg | heard |
| ekaṃ | adj | masc.acc.sg | one |
| samayaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | time; occasion |
| bhagavā | noun | masc.nom.sg | Fortunate One, the Buddha |
| gayāyaṃ | noun | fem.loc.sg | in Gayā |
| viharati | verb | pr.3.sg | stays, abides, dwells, lives |
| gayāsīse | noun | masc.loc.sg | in Gayā's Head |
| saddhiṃ | ind | together (with), with | |
| bhikkhusahassena | noun | masc.ins.sg | with thousand of monks |
| tatra | ind | there, in that place | |
| kho | ind | indeed | |
| bhagavā | noun | masc.nom.sg | the Sublime One, Blessed One, Fortunate One, |
| bhikkhū | noun | masc.acc.pl | monks, mendicants, lit. beggars |
| āmantesi | verb | aor.3.sg | addressed, said (to) |
Thus was heard by me: on one occasion the Fortunate One staying in Gayā in Gayā's Head together with thousand of monks. There the Blessed One addressed monks:
sabbaṃ bhikkhave ādittaṃ!
kiñca bhikkhave sabbaṃ ādittaṃ?
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| sabbaṃ | pron | nt.nom.sg | all, everything |
| bhikkhave | noun | masc.voc.sg | o monks! |
| ādittaṃ | adj | nt.nom.sg | blazing, burning, on fire |
| kiñca | pron | nt.nom.sg | and what? |
Monks, everything is burning? And what is everything what is burning?
cakkhuṃ bhikkhave ādittaṃ, rūpā ādittā, cakkhuviññāṇaṃ ādittaṃ, cakkhusamphasso āditto. yampidaṃ cakkhusamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā tampi ādittaṃ.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| cakkhuṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | eye |
| ādittaṃ | adj | nt.nom.sg | blazing, burning, on fire |
| rūpā | noun | nt.nom.pl | objects of the eye, shapes, sights |
| cakkhuviññāṇaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | eye consciousness |
| cakkhusamphasso | noun | masc.nom.sg | contact with the eye |
| yampidaṃ | idioṃ | whatever indeed this | |
| cakkhusamphassa- | noun | contact with the eye | |
| paccayā | noun | masc.abl.sg | from cause (for), supporting condition (for) precondition (for), prerequisite (for), requirement (for) |
| uppajjati | verb | pr.3.sg | appears, arises, takes place |
| vedayitaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | what is felt, experienced |
| sukhaṃ | adj | nt.nom.sg | easy, comfortable, pleasant, good |
| vā | ind | or | |
| dukkhaṃ | adj | nt.nom.sg | uncomfortable, painful, unpleasant |
| vā | ind | or | |
| adukkhamasukhaṃ | adj | nt.nom.sg | neutral, neither unpleasant nor pleasant, neither comfortable nor uncomfortable |
| vā | ind | or | |
| tam'pi | idioṃ | that too, he too, even that, just that, that very | thing |
| ādittaṃ | adj | nt.nom.sg | blazing, burning, on fire |
Eye is burning, shapes are burning, eye consciousness is burning, contact with the eye is burning, whatever arises from contact with the eye as condition, what felt pleasant, unpleasant or neither unpleasant nor pleasant – that too are burning.
kena ādittaṃ? rāg'agginā, dos'agginā, moh'agginā ādittaṃ, jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi ādittan'ti vadāmi
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| kena | pron | masc.ins.sg | by what? with what? how? |
| rāg'agginā | noun | nt.ins.sg | with the fire of lust, passion |
| dos'agginā, | noun | nt.ins.sg | with the fire of hate , aversion |
| moh'agginā | noun | nt.ins.sg | with the fire of delusion |
| jātiyā | noun | f.ins.s with birth, rebirth, conception | |
| jarāya | noun | fem.ins.sg | with old age, growing old, decay, ageing |
| maraṇena | noun | nt.ins.sg | with death |
| sokehi | noun | masc.ins.sg | with grief, sorrow, sadness |
| paridevehi | noun | masc.ins.sg | with mourning, lament, wail, cry |
| dukkhehi | noun | nt.ins.pl | with discomforts, sufferings, pains |
| domanassehi | noun | nt.ins.pl | with (mental) sufferings, distresses dissatisfactions |
| upāyāsehi | noun | masc.ins.pl | with irritations, mental disturbances, mental afflictions, despairs |
| ādittan'ti | adj | nt.nom.sg | blazing, burning, on fire |
| vadāmi | verb | pr.1.sg | I say |
Burning with what? Burning with the fire of passion, with the fire of aversion, with the fire of delusion. Burning, I tell you, with birth, aging, death, with sorrows, lamentations, pains, distresses and despairs.
sotaṃ ādittaṃ, saddā ādittā, sotaviññāṇaṃ ādittaṃ, sotasamphasso āditto, yampidaṃ sotasamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā tam pi ādittaṃ.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| sotaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | ear |
| saddā | noun | masc.nom.pl | sounds, noises |
| sotaviññāṇaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | ear consciousness |
| sotasamphasso | noun | masc.nom.sg | contact with the ear, auditory experience |
Ear is burning, sounds are burning, ear consciousness is burning, contact with the ear is burning, whatever arises from contact with the ear as condition, what felt pleasant, unpleasant or neither unpleasant nor pleasant – that too are burning.
kena ādittaṃ? ādittaṃ rāgagginā dosagginā mohagginā, ādittaṃ, jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi ādittan'ti vadāmi
Burning with what? Burning with the fire of passion, with the fire of aversion, with the fire of delusion. Burning, I tell you, with birth, aging, death, with sorrows, lamentations, pains, distresses and despairs.
ghānaṃ ādittaṃ, gandhā ādittā, ghānaviññāṇaṃ ādittaṃ, ghānasamphasso āditto, yampidaṃ ghānasamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā tam pi ādittaṃ.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| ghānaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | nose |
| gandhā | noun | masc.nom.pl | smells, odours |
| ghānaviññāṇaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | nose consciousness |
| ghānasamphasso | noun | masc.nom.sg | contact with the nose |
Nose is burning, smells are burning, nose consciousness is burning, contact with the nose is burning, whatever arises from contact with the nose as condition, what felt pleasant, unpleasant or neither unpleasant nor pleasant – that too are burning.
kena ādittaṃ? ādittaṃ rāgagginā dosagginā mohagginā, ādittaṃ, jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi ādittan'ti vadāmi
Burning with what? Burning with the fire of passion, with the fire of aversion, with the fire of delusion. Burning, I tell you, with birth, aging, death, with sorrows, lamentations, pains, distresses and despairs.
jivhā ādittā, rasā ādittā, jivhāviññāṇaṃ ādittaṃ, jivhāsamphasso āditto, yampidaṃ jivhāsamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā tam pi ādittaṃ.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| jivhā | noun | fem.nom.sg | tongue |
| rasā | noun | masc.nom.pl | tastes, flavours |
| jivhāviññāṇaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | tongue consciousness |
| jivhāsamphasso | noun | masc.nom.sg | contact with the tongue |
Tongue is burning, flavours are burning, tongue consciousness is burning, contact with the tongue is burning, whatever arises from contact with the tongue as condition, what felt pleasant, unpleasant or neither unpleasant nor pleasant – that too are burning.
kena ādittaṃ? ādittaṃ rāgagginā dosagginā mohagginā, ādittaṃ, jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi ādittan'ti vadāmi
Burning with what? Burning with the fire of passion, with the fire of aversion, with the fire of delusion. Burning, I tell you, with birth, aging, death, with sorrows, lamentations, pains, distresses and despairs.
kāyo āditto, phoṭṭhabbā ādittā, kāyaviññāṇaṃ ādittaṃ, kāyasamphasso āditto, yampidaṃ kāyasamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā tam pi ādittaṃ.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| kāyo | noun | masc.nom.sg | body |
| phoṭṭhabbā | noun | masc.nom.pl | touches, physical sensations |
| kāyaviññāṇaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | body consciousness |
| kāyasamphasso | noun | masc.nom.sg | physical contact |
Body is burning, physical sensations are burning, body consciousness is burning, physical contact is burning, whatever arises from physical contact as condition, what felt pleasant, unpleasant or neither unpleasant nor pleasant – that too are burning.
kena ādittaṃ? ādittaṃ rāgagginā dosagginā mohagginā, ādittaṃ, jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi ādittan'ti vadāmi
Burning with what? Burning with the fire of passion, with the fire of aversion, with the fire of delusion. Burning, I tell you, with birth, aging, death, with sorrows, lamentations, pains, distresses and despairs.
mano āditto, dhammā ādittā, manoviññāṇaṃ ādittaṃ, manosamphasso āditto, yampidaṃ manosamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā tam pi ādittaṃ.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| mano | noun | masc.nom.sg | mind |
| dhammā | noun | masc.nom.pl | mental phenomena, thoughts |
| manoviññāṇaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | mind consciousness |
| manosamphasso | noun | masc.nom.sg | contact with the mind |
Mind is burning, mental phenomena are burning, mind consciousness is burning, contact with the mind is burning, whatever arises from contact with the mind as condition, what felt pleasant, unpleasant or neither unpleasant nor pleasant – that too are burning.
kena ādittaṃ? ādittaṃ rāgagginā dosagginā mohagginā, ādittaṃ, jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi ādittan'ti vadāmi
Burning with what? Burning with the fire of passion, with the fire of aversion, with the fire of delusion. Burning, I tell you, with birth, aging, death, with sorrows, lamentations, pains, distresses and despairs.
evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako cakkhusmim'pi nibbindati, rūpesu'pi nibbindati, cakkhuviññāṇe'pi nibbindati, cakkhusamphasse'pi nibbindati, yampidaṃ cakkhusamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā tasmim'pi nibbindati
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| evaṃ | ind | thus, this, like this, just as, such | |
| passaṃ | prp | masc.nom.sg | seeing |
| sutavā | adj | masc.nom.sg | learned, well-studied, educated, initiated |
| ariyasāvako | noun | masc.nom.sg | disciple of the noble ones |
| cakkhusmim'pi | noun | nt.loc.sg | and in the eye |
| nibbindati | verb | pr.3.sg | is dis-enchanted (by), is disinterested (in), is disillusioned (by), loses interest (in) |
| rūpesu'pi | noun | nt.loc.pl | and in matter, material forms |
| cakkhuviññāṇe'pi | noun | nt.loc.sg | and in eye consciousness |
| cakkhusamphasse'pi | noun | masc.loc.sg | and in contact with the eye |
| yampidaṃ | idioṃ | whatever indeed this | |
| cakkhusamphassa- | noun | contact with the eye | |
| paccayā | noun | masc.abl.sg | from cause (for), supporting condition (for) precondition (for), prerequisite (for), requirement (for) |
| uppajjati | verb | pr.3.sg | appears, arises, takes place |
| vedayitaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | what is felt, experienced |
| sukhaṃ | adj | nt.nom.sg | easy, comfortable, pleasant, good |
| vā | ind | or | |
| dukkhaṃ | adj | nt.nom.sg | uncomfortable, painful, unpleasant |
| vā | ind | or | |
| adukkhamasukhaṃ | adj | nt.nom.sg | neutral, neither unpleasant nor pleasant, neither comfortable nor uncomfortable |
| vā | ind | or | |
| tasmim'pi | pron | masc.loc.sg | in that too, even that, just that, that very thing |
| nibbindati | verb | pr.3.sg | is dis-enchanted (by), is disinterested (in), is disillusioned (by), loses interest (in) |
Seeing thus, well-educated disciple of the noble ones loses interest in the eye, loses interest in material forms, loses interest in the eye consciousness, loses interest in the contact with the eye, whatever arises from contact with the eye as condition, what felt pleasant, unpleasant or neither unpleasant nor pleasant – in that too he loses interest.
sotasmimpi nibbindati, saddesu pi nibbindati, sotaviññāṇe pi nibbindati, sotasamphassepi nibbindati, yampidaṃ sotasamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā tasmimpi nibbindati.
He loses interest in the ear, loses interest in sounds, loses interest in the ear consciousness, loses interest in the contact with the ear, whatever arises from contact with the ear as condition, what felt pleasant, unpleasant or neither unpleasant nor pleasant – in that too he loses interest.
ghānasmimpi nibbindati, gandhesu pi nibbindati, ghānaviññāṇe pi nibbindati, ghānasamphassepi nibbindati, yampidaṃ ghānasamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā tasmimpi nibbindati.
He loses interest in the nose, loses interest in smells, loses interest in the nose consciousness, loses interest in the contact with the nose, whatever arises from contact with the nose as condition, what felt pleasant, unpleasant or neither unpleasant nor pleasant – in that too he loses interest.
jivhāya pi nibbindati, rasesu pi nibbindati, jivhāviññāṇe pi nibbindati, jivhāsamphassepi nibbindati, yampidaṃ jivhāsamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā tasmimpi nibbindati.
He loses interest in the tongue, loses interest in flavours, loses interest in the tongue consciousness, loses interest in the contact with the tongue, whatever arises from contact with the tongue as condition, what felt pleasant, unpleasant or neither unpleasant nor pleasant – in that too he loses interest.
kāyasmimpi nibbindati, phoṭṭhabbesu pi nibbindati, kāyaviññāṇe pi nibbindati, kāyasamphassepi nibbindati, yampidaṃ kāyasamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā tasmimpi nibbindati.
He loses interest in the body, loses interest in physical sensations, loses interest in the body consciousness, loses interest in the physical contact, whatever arises from physical contact as condition, what felt pleasant, unpleasant or neither unpleasant nor pleasant – in that too he loses interest.
manasmimpi nibbindati, dhammesu pi nibbindati, manoviññāṇe pi nibbindati, manosamphasse pi nibbindati, yampidaṃ manosamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā tasmimpi nibbindati.
He loses interest in the mind, loses interest in mental phenomena, loses interest in the mind consciousness, loses interest in the contact with the mind, whatever arises from contact with the mind as condition, what felt pleasant, unpleasant or neither unpleasant nor pleasant – in that too he loses interest.
nibbindaṃ virajjati, virāgā vimuccati, vimuttasmiṃ vimuttam' iti ñāṇaṃ hoti:
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| nibbindaṃ | prp | masc.nom.sg | being disenchanted, being disinterested being disillusioned, losing interest |
| virajjati | verb | pr.3.sg | becomes detached, loses interest, becomes dispassionate, gets bored |
| virāgā | noun | abl.sg | form fading of desire; dispassion; detachment; indifference |
| vimuccati | v.pass | pr.3.sg | is released, becomes free |
| vimuttasmiṃ | pp | masc.loc.sg | when freed, liberated, emancipated |
| vimuttaṃ- | pp | nt.nom.sg | freed, liberated, emancipated |
| iti | ind | this is | |
| ñāṇaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | knowledge, understanding, insight |
| hoti | verb | pr.3.sg | there is |
Disenchanted, he becomes dispassionate. Through dispassion, he is released. When freed, there is the knowledge: 'liberated.'
'khīṇā jāti vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ n'āparaṃ itthattāyā'ti pajānātī'ti.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| khīṇā | pp | fem.nom.sg | exhausted; wasted |
| jāti | noun | fem.nom.sg | birth |
| vusitaṃ | pp | nt.nom.sg | fulfilled, accomplished; lit. lived |
| brahmacariyaṃ, | noun | nt.nom.sg | spiritual path; spiritual practice; holy life |
| kataṃ | pp | nt.nom.sg | done, worked, made |
| karaṇīyaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | duty, obligation, something to be done |
| n'āparaṃ | adj | nt.nom.sg | nothing more; nothing further; not more than that; lit. no another |
| itthattāyā'ti | noun | nt.dat.sg | present state of existence; earthly existence; such an existence; lit. here state |
| pajānātī'ti | verb | pr.3.sg | knows clearly |
He knows clearly: 'Birth is exhausted. The holy life fulfilled. What have to be done – is done. There is nothing further than this existence.'
(or ) 'There is nothing (to do more) for such a (liberated) state'
idam'avoca bhagavā. attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanduṃ
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| idamavoca | verb | aor.3.sg | he said this |
| bhagavā | noun | masc.nom.sg | Sublime One, Blessed One, Fortunate One the Buddha |
| attamanā | adj | masc.nom.pl | pleased, happy, delighted, satisfied |
| te | pron | m.n.pl those | |
| bhikkhū | noun | masc.nom.pl | monks |
| bhagavato | noun | masc.gen.sg | of the Buddha |
| bhāsitaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | saying, speech, statement, utterance, talk, words lit. what was said |
| abhinanduṃ | verb | aor.3.pl | they delighted (in), were pleased (with) approved (of), were happy (with) |
The Blessed One said this. Those bhikkhus were glad and they approved of his words.
imasmiñ'ca pana veyyākaraṇasmiṃ bhaññamāne tassa bhikkhusahassassa anupādāya āsavehi cittāni vimucciṃsū'ti.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| imasmiñ'ca | pron | while this | |
| pana | ind | moreover, and now, but | |
| veyyākaraṇasmiṃ | noun | nt.loc.sg | while answer, explanation, exposition |
| bhaññamāne | prp | nt.loc.sg | while being chanted, being preached, being recited |
| tassa | pron | masc.gen.sg | of that |
| bhikkhusahassassa | noun | masc.gen.sg | of thousand monks |
| anupādāya | verb | ger | not holding, not grasping, detaching |
| āsavehi | noun | masc.abl.pl | from impurities, effluents, taints |
| cittāni | noun | nt.acc.pl | minds |
| vimucciṃsū'ti | verb | aor.3.pl | they became free (from), were released (from) were liberated (from) |
While this exposition has been preached, minds of those thousand monks became free from taints throught not grasping.